Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester GL50 2RH, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 19;17(22):8579. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228579.
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of simulated soccer match play on neuromuscular performance in adolescent players longitudinally over a two-year period. Eleven players completed all measurements in both years of the study (1st year: age 16.0 ± 0.4 y; stature 178.8 ± 6.4 cm; mass 67.5 ± 7.8 kg; maturity-offset 2.24 ± 0.71 y). There was a significant reduction in hamstring strength after simulated match by the soccer-specific aerobic field test (SAFT), with four out of eight parameters compromised in U16s (4.7-7.8% decrease) and six in the U17s (3.1-15.4%). In the U17s all of the concentric quadriceps strength parameters were decreased (3.7-8.6%) as well as the vastus lateralis and semitendinosus firing frequency (26.9-35.4%). In both ages leg stiffness decreased (9.2-10.2%) and reactive strength increased pre to post simulated match (U16 8.0%; U17 2.5%). A comparison of changes between age groups did not show any differences. This study demonstrates a decrease in neuromuscular performance post simulated match play in both ages but observed changes were not age dependent.
本研究旨在探讨模拟足球比赛对青少年运动员神经肌肉性能的影响，在两年的时间内进行纵向研究。11 名运动员在研究的两年中都完成了所有的测量（第 1 年：年龄 16.0 ± 0.4 岁；身高 178.8 ± 6.4 厘米；体重 67.5 ± 7.8 公斤；成熟度偏差 2.24 ± 0.71 岁）。在 U16 组中，有四个参数（4.7-7.8%的下降）和 U17 组中的六个参数（3.1-15.4%）在经过模拟比赛的足球专项有氧场测试（SAFT）后，腘绳肌力量显著下降。在 U17 组中，所有的向心股四头肌力量参数都下降了（3.7-8.6%），股外侧肌和半腱肌的放电频率也下降了（26.9-35.4%）。在两个年龄组中，腿部刚度都下降了（9.2-10.2%），反应力量在模拟比赛前后都增加了（U16 组为 8.0%；U17 组为 2.5%）。对年龄组之间的变化进行比较，没有发现任何差异。本研究表明，在两个年龄组中，模拟比赛后神经肌肉性能都有所下降，但观察到的变化与年龄无关。
