Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Professional Master Course, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Oral Dis. 2021 Sep;27(6):1519-1527. doi: 10.1111/odi.13670. Epub 2020 Dec 12.
To verify the association between periodontal conditions and preterm birth.
This study used data from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, Brazil. Pregnant women expected to give birth in 2015 were interviewed and dentally examined by a trained dentist, with periodontal measures collected in all teeth, six sites per tooth. Exposure was periodontal disease. Outcomes were preterm birth (all births <37 weeks of gestational age) and early preterm birth (<34 weeks). Analysis was carried out using Poisson regression according to a directed acyclic graph.
A total of 2,474 women participated in the study. Incidence of preterm births was 10.2% and of early preterm births was 3.5%. Frequency of gingivitis was 21.7%, and periodontitis was 14.9%. Periodontitis was associated with a risk almost two times higher of having early preterm delivery compared with healthy pregnant women (RR 1.93; 95% CI 1.09-3.43). Presence of 5+ mm periodontal pocket with bleeding on probing was also associated with higher risk for early preterm delivery.
The association between periodontal disease in pregnancy and the occurrence of preterm delivery is sensitive to the case definitions. Periodontal disease increased the risk of early preterm delivery.
验证牙周状况与早产之间的关联。
本研究使用了来自巴西 2015 年佩洛塔斯出生队列研究的数据。预计在 2015 年分娩的孕妇接受了访谈和由训练有素的牙医进行的牙科检查，在所有牙齿上收集牙周措施，每个牙齿 6 个部位。暴露因素是牙周病。结局是早产（所有出生<37 周的妊娠期）和早期早产（<34 周）。根据有向无环图，使用泊松回归进行分析。
共有 2474 名妇女参加了研究。早产的发生率为 10.2%，早期早产的发生率为 3.5%。牙龈炎的发生率为 21.7%，牙周炎为 14.9%。与健康孕妇相比，牙周炎发生早期早产的风险几乎高出两倍（RR 1.93；95%CI 1.09-3.43）。探诊时有 5+mm 牙周袋且有出血也与早期早产的风险增加相关。
妊娠期间牙周病与早产发生之间的关联对病例定义敏感。牙周病增加了早期早产的风险。
