Tyagi Priya, Tasleem Mohd, Prakash Shweta, Chouhan Garima
Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
GB Pant Institute of Engineering and Technology, Pauri, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
Food Res Int. 2020 Nov;137:109489. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109489. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
Depression is a debilitating psychiatric ailment which exerts disastrous effects on one's mental and physical health. Depression is accountable for augmentation of various life-threatening maladies such as neurodegenerative anomalies, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Depressive episodes are recurrent, pose a negative impact on life quality, decline life expectancy and enhance suicidal tendencies. Anti-depression chemotherapy displays marked adverse effects and frequent relapses. Thus, newer therapeutic interventions to prevent or combat depression are desperately required. Discovery of gut microbes as our mutualistic partner was made a long time ago and it is surprising that their functions still continue to expand and as of yet many are still to be uncovered. Experimental studies have revealed astonishing role of gut commensals in gut-brain signaling, immune homeostasis and hormonal regulation. Now, it is a well-established fact that gut microbes can alleviate stress or depression associated symptoms by modulating brain functions. Here in, we provide an overview of physiological alleyways involved in cross-talk between gut and brain, part played by probiotics in regulation of these pathways and use of probiotic bacteria as psychobiotics in various mental or depressive disorders.
抑郁症是一种使人衰弱的精神疾病，对人的身心健康产生灾难性影响。抑郁症会导致各种危及生命的疾病增加，如神经退行性异常、心血管疾病和糖尿病。抑郁发作反复发作，对生活质量产生负面影响，缩短预期寿命并增加自杀倾向。抗抑郁化疗显示出明显的副作用且频繁复发。因此，迫切需要新的治疗干预措施来预防或对抗抑郁症。很久以前就发现肠道微生物是我们的共生伙伴，令人惊讶的是它们的功能仍在不断扩展，至今仍有许多有待发现。实验研究揭示了肠道共生菌在肠脑信号传导、免疫稳态和激素调节中的惊人作用。现在，肠道微生物可以通过调节大脑功能来缓解压力或与抑郁相关的症状，这已是一个公认的事实。在此，我们概述了肠道与大脑之间相互作用所涉及的生理途径、益生菌在调节这些途径中所起的作用以及益生菌作为精神益生菌在各种精神或抑郁性疾病中的应用。
