Sánchez-Faure Alicia, Calvo Marta María, Pérez-Jiménez Jara, Martín-Diana Ana Belén, Rico Daniel, Montero María Pilar, Gómez-Guillén María Del Carmen, López-Caballero María Elvira, Martínez-Alvarez Oscar
Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN, CSIC), 10 José Antonio Novais St, Madrid, Spain1.
Agricultural Technological Institute of Castile and León (ITACyL), Government of Castile and León, Ctra. de Burgos Km.119, Finca Zamadueñas, Valladolid 47071, Spain.
Food Res Int. 2020 Nov;137:109613. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109613. Epub 2020 Aug 5.
The recent interest in diversification in food consumption and the current salinization and desertification processes of farmland have placed the focus on halophytic plants as new food, making necessary the characterization of their biochemical composition and the identification of possible bioactive compounds. In this work, three edible halophytic plants were characterized: common iceplant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum), sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum), and seaside arrowgrass (Triglochin maritima). The plants studied were a good source of minerals. Sea fennel showed high contents of dietary fibre and calcium (8.5 ppm, wet weight), common iceplant had a high potassium content (6500 ppm, wet weight), while seaside arrowgrass presented high levels of iron (62 ppm, wet weight). The glucose content of the three species was below 30 mg/g per dried weight. The Sb, Pb, Cr, As, Cd, and Hg content was negligible. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly α-linolenic and linoleic acid, prevailed in the three species analyzed. Hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids predominated in common iceplant and sea fennel. Glycosylated flavones, especially isoorientin, prevailed in seaside arrowgrass. These plants present a relevant nutritional profile for which their use as foods or ingredients should be promoted.
近期人们对食物消费多样化的关注以及当前农田的盐碱化和荒漠化进程，使盐生植物成为新型食物的焦点，因此有必要对其生化成分进行表征并鉴定可能的生物活性化合物。在这项研究中，对三种可食用盐生植物进行了表征：冰叶日中花（Mesembryanthemum crystallinum）、海茴香（Crithmum maritimum）和海三棱藨草（Triglochin maritima）。所研究的植物是矿物质的良好来源。海茴香膳食纤维和钙含量高（湿重8.5 ppm），冰叶日中花钾含量高（湿重6500 ppm），而海三棱藨草铁含量高（湿重62 ppm）。这三个物种的葡萄糖含量低于每干重30 mg/g。锑、铅、铬、砷、镉和汞的含量可忽略不计。多不饱和脂肪酸，主要是α-亚麻酸和亚油酸，在分析的三个物种中占主导地位。羟基肉桂酸和羟基苯甲酸在冰叶日中花和海茴香中占主导。糖基化黄酮，尤其是异荭草素，在海三棱藨草中占主导。这些植物具有相关的营养特性，应推广将其用作食物或食材。
