Calvo Marta María, López-Caballero María Elvira, Martínez-Alvarez Oscar
Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 6th José Antonio Novais St., 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Foods. 2023 Oct 24;12(21):3886. doi: 10.3390/foods12213886.
Sea fennel and seaside arrowgrass are two abundant but underutilized halophytes along the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. This study investigated the antioxidant capacity and the potential antihypertensive (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme I, ACE-I inhibition), hypoglycaemic (Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV, DPP-IV inhibition), and nootropic (Prolyl Endopeptidase, PEP inhibition) activity of their polyphenol extracts. They had a high phenol content (21-24 mEq GA/g), antioxidant capacity evaluated using the ABTS (17-2 mg ascorbic acid/g) and FRAP (170-270 mM Mohr's salt/g) assays, and effective ACE-inhibiting properties (80-90% inhibiting activity at final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL). Additionally, the sea fennel extract displayed high DPP-IV inhibitory capacity (73% at 1 mg/mL), while the seaside arrowgrass extract exhibited potent Prolyl endopeptidase inhibitory capacity (75% at 1 mg/mL). Fractionation by HPLC concentrated the bioactive molecules in two fractions, for which the composition was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Different chlorogenic acids seemed to play an important role in the bioactivity of sea fennel extract, and different flavonoids, mainly apigenin, luteolin and chrysoeriol, in the bioactivity of the seaside arrowgrass extract. Given their potential health benefits, these extracts could serve as valuable bioactive ingredients and could potentially encourage the cultivation of these species in regions where traditional crops face challenges in growth.
海茴香和海滨酸模是大西洋和地中海沿岸两种丰富但未得到充分利用的盐生植物。本研究调查了它们的多酚提取物的抗氧化能力以及潜在的抗高血压（血管紧张素转换酶I，ACE-I抑制）、降血糖（二肽基肽酶IV，DPP-IV抑制）和益智（脯氨酰内肽酶，PEP抑制）活性。它们的酚含量较高（21 - 24 mEq GA/g），使用ABTS（17 - 2 mg抗坏血酸/g）和FRAP（170 - 270 mM莫尔盐/g）测定法评估的抗氧化能力，以及有效的ACE抑制特性（在终浓度为0.5 mg/mL时抑制活性为80 - 90%）。此外，海茴香提取物表现出较高的DPP-IV抑制能力（在1 mg/mL时为73%），而海滨酸模提取物表现出较强的脯氨酰内肽酶抑制能力（在1 mg/mL时为75%）。通过HPLC分级将生物活性分子浓缩在两个级分中，通过LC-MS/MS分析其组成。不同的绿原酸似乎在海茴香提取物的生物活性中起重要作用，而不同的黄酮类化合物，主要是芹菜素、木犀草素和 Chrysoeriol，在海滨酸模提取物 的生物活性中起重要作用。鉴于它们对健康的潜在益处，这些提取物可作为有价值的生物活性成分，并可能鼓励在传统作物生长面临挑战的地区种植这些物种。
