Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil.
Molecules. 2020 Nov 20;25(22):5430. doi: 10.3390/molecules25225430.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) refer to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, which mainly comprises Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBDs are characterized by inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, are highly debilitating, and are without a definitive cure. Their pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated; however, it is assumed that genetic, immunological, and environmental factors are involved. People affected by IBDs have relapses, and therapeutic regimens are not always able to keep symptoms in remission over the long term. Natural products emerge as an alternative for the development of new drugs; bioactive compounds are promising in the treatment of several disorders, among them those that affect the gastrointestinal tract, due to their wide structural diversity and biological activities. This review compiles 12 terpenes with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity evaluated in animal models and in vitro studies. The therapeutic approach to IBDs using terpenes acts basically to prevent oxidative stress, combat dysbiosis, restore intestinal permeability, and improve the inflammation process in different signaling pathways.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一组以胃肠道黏膜炎症为特征的疾病，主要包括克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）。IBD 的特征是肠黏膜炎症，严重影响生活质量，且目前尚无明确的治愈方法。其发病机制尚未完全阐明，但据推测与遗传、免疫和环境因素有关。IBD 患者会反复发作，且治疗方案并非总能长期使症状缓解。天然产物是开发新药的一种替代方法；生物活性化合物因其广泛的结构多样性和生物活性，在治疗多种疾病方面具有广阔的前景，其中包括影响胃肠道的疾病。本综述收集了 12 种在动物模型和体外研究中具有肠道抗炎活性的萜类化合物。萜类化合物治疗 IBD 的方法主要是预防氧化应激、对抗菌群失调、恢复肠道通透性，并通过不同的信号通路改善炎症过程。
