Silaghi Cornelia, Fröhlich Julia, Reindl Hubert, Hamel Dietmar, Rehbein Steffen
Institute of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 5, 80802 Munich, Germany.
Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald Insel Riems, Germany.
Pathogens. 2020 Nov 20;9(11):968. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9110968.
(1) Background: Wild cervids play an important role in transmission cycles of tick-borne pathogens; however, investigations of tick-borne pathogens in sika deer in Germany are lacking. (2) Methods: Spleen tissue of 74 sympatric wild cervids (30 roe deer, 7 fallow deer, 22 sika deer, 15 red deer) and of 27 red deer from a farm from southeastern Germany were analyzed by molecular methods for the presence of and species. (3) Results: and DNA was demonstrated in 90.5% and 47.3% of the 74 combined wild cervids and 14.8% and 18.5% of the farmed deer, respectively. Twelve variants of were delineated. While the infection rate for among the four cervid species was similar (71.4% to 100%), it varied significantly for between roe deer (73.3%), fallow deer (14.3%), sika deer (27.3%) and red deer (40.0%). Deer ≤2 years of age tested significantly more often positive than the older deer for both and species. (4) Conclusions: This study confirms the widespread occurrence of and species in wild cervids and farmed red deer in Germany and documents the co-occurrence of the two tick-borne pathogens in free-ranging sika deer.
(1) 背景：野生鹿类在蜱传病原体的传播循环中起着重要作用；然而，德国对梅花鹿蜱传病原体的调查尚属空白。(2) 方法：采用分子方法分析了74只同域野生鹿类（30只狍、7只黇鹿、22只梅花鹿、15只马鹿）以及德国东南部一个农场的27只马鹿脾脏组织中 和 物种的存在情况。(3) 结果：在74只野生鹿类组合中，分别有90.5%和47.3%检测到 和 的DNA，在养殖鹿中分别为14.8%和18.5%。共鉴定出12种 变体。虽然四种鹿类中 的感染率相似（71.4%至100%），但 在狍（73.3%）、黇鹿（14.3%）、梅花鹿（27.3%）和马鹿（40.0%）中的感染率差异显著。对于 和 物种，2岁及以下的鹿检测呈阳性的频率明显高于年龄较大的鹿。(4) 结论：本研究证实了 和 物种在德国野生鹿类和养殖马鹿中广泛存在，并记录了这两种蜱传病原体在自由放养的梅花鹿中共存的情况。
