Department of Paediatrics, Patras Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Nov;35(21):4190-4195. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1849092. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
is a common cause of sepsis in the pediatric population but is only rarely observed in neonates. The true incidence of the disease in that age group remains undefined. The purpose of this review is to summarize the published data on meningococcal disease in the neonatal period. All published studies reporting data on neonatal meningococcal disease were included for data extraction. Published cases from around the world show that, while rare, neonatal meningococcal disease is characterized by a high mortality rate and serious neurodevelopmental complications. The initial clinical presentation is atypical and there is a rapid clinical deterioration. Predisposing factors have been described and they include immune deficiencies and maternal genitourinary tract colonization by the pathogen. Transmission can be intrauterine, intrapartum or postpartum. Intrapartum transmission has been linked to conjunctivitis, which serves as a point of entry for the pathogen. Neonatal meningococcal disease remains a rare but potentially fatal disease, whose true incidence is not known. Genitourinary colonization of the mother and nasopharyngeal carriage of both parents should be assessed, especially in early onset cases. N. meningitidis should be suspected in cases of neonatal sepsis and seizures, even in the absence of typical symptoms associated with meningococcemia. A high level of clinical suspicion and quick initiation of therapy are needed to improve the clinical outcome, and patients who survive require long term follow-up to detect possible neurodevelopmental sequelae. Transmission can be intrauterine, intrapartum or postpartum. Intrapartum transmission has been linked to conjunctivitis, which serves as a point of entry for the pathogen. Published case reports from around the world show that, while rare, neonatal meningococcal disease is characterized by a high mortality rate and serious neurodevelopmental complications. The initial clinical presentation is atypical and there is a rapid clinical deterioration within less than 12 h. The objective of this review is to summarize the latest literature on infections in the neonatal period.
是小儿败血症的常见病因，但在新生儿中很少见。该疾病在该年龄组中的真实发病率尚不清楚。本综述的目的是总结关于新生儿期脑膜炎奈瑟菌病的已发表数据。所有报告新生儿脑膜炎奈瑟菌病数据的已发表研究均包括在内进行数据提取。 来自世界各地的已发表病例表明，尽管罕见，但新生儿脑膜炎奈瑟菌病的特征是死亡率高和严重的神经发育并发症。初始临床表现不典型，且临床迅速恶化。已描述了诱发因素，包括免疫缺陷和母体泌尿生殖道被病原体定植。传播途径包括宫内、产时和产后。产时传播与结膜炎有关，结膜炎是病原体的进入点。 新生儿脑膜炎奈瑟菌病仍然是一种罕见但可能致命的疾病，其真实发病率尚不清楚。应评估母亲的泌尿生殖道定植和父母双方的鼻咽携带情况，尤其是在早发型病例中。即使没有与脑膜炎球菌血症相关的典型症状，也应怀疑新生儿败血症和惊厥与脑膜炎奈瑟菌有关。需要高度的临床怀疑和快速开始治疗，以改善临床结局，存活的患者需要长期随访以检测可能的神经发育后遗症。传播途径包括宫内、产时和产后。产时传播与结膜炎有关，结膜炎是病原体的进入点。来自世界各地的已发表病例报告表明，尽管罕见，但新生儿脑膜炎奈瑟菌病的特征是死亡率高和严重的神经发育并发症。初始临床表现不典型，且临床迅速恶化，不到 12 小时内。本综述的目的是总结新生儿期感染的最新文献。
