Department of Pediatrics, Giovanni XXIII Pediatric Hospital, Bari, Italy.
Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020 Nov;31 Suppl 26(Suppl 26):75-78. doi: 10.1111/pai.13363.
COVID-19 is a complex new viral disease, in which a strict balance between anti-viral immune response and the ensuing organ inflammation has a critical role in determining the clinical course. In adults, compelling evidence exists indicating that an uncontrolled inflammatory response ("cytokine storm") is pivotal in determining disease progression and mortality. Children may rarely present with severe disease. Modulating factors related to the host's genetic factors, age-related susceptibility, and the capability to mount appropriate immune responses might play a role in control virus load at an early stage and regulating the inflammatory reaction. Elucidating these mechanisms seems crucial in developing target therapies according to patient's age, immunologic status, and disease evolution in COVID-19.
COVID-19 是一种复杂的新型病毒性疾病，抗病毒免疫反应与随之而来的器官炎症之间的严格平衡在决定临床病程方面起着关键作用。在成年人中，有确凿的证据表明，不受控制的炎症反应（“细胞因子风暴”）是决定疾病进展和死亡率的关键因素。儿童可能很少出现严重疾病。与宿主遗传因素、年龄相关易感性以及产生适当免疫反应的能力相关的调节因素可能在早期控制病毒载量和调节炎症反应方面发挥作用。阐明这些机制对于根据 COVID-19 患者的年龄、免疫状态和疾病演变制定靶向治疗方案似乎至关重要。
