Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Elife. 2020 Nov 25;9:e60214. doi: 10.7554/eLife.60214.
Neutrophils constitute the largest population of phagocytic granulocytes in the blood of mammals. The development and function of neutrophils and monocytes is primarily governed by the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor family (CSF3R/CSF3) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor family (CSF1R/IL34/CSF1) respectively. Using various techniques this study considered how the emergence of receptor:ligand pairings shaped the distribution of blood myeloid cell populations. Comparative gene analysis supported the ancestral pairings of CSF1R/IL34 and CSF3R/CSF3, and the emergence of CSF1 later in lineages after the advent of Jawed/Jawless fish. Further analysis suggested that the emergence of CSF3 lead to reorganisation of granulocyte distribution between amphibian and early reptiles. However, the advent of endothermy likely contributed to the dominance of the neutrophil/heterophil in modern-day mammals and birds. In summary, we show that the emergence of CSF3R/CSF3 was a key factor in the subsequent evolution of the modern-day mammalian neutrophil.
中性粒细胞是哺乳动物血液中吞噬性粒细胞中数量最多的细胞。中性粒细胞和单核细胞的发育和功能主要受粒细胞集落刺激因子受体家族（CSF3R/CSF3）和巨噬细胞集落刺激因子受体家族（CSF1R/IL34/CSF1）调控。本研究采用多种技术，研究了受体-配体配对如何影响血液髓样细胞群体的分布。比较基因分析支持 CSF1R/IL34 和 CSF3R/CSF3 的原始配对，以及 CSF1 在有颌/无颌鱼类出现后在谱系中的出现较晚。进一步的分析表明，CSF3 的出现导致了两栖动物和早期爬行动物之间粒细胞分布的重新组织。然而，温血动物的出现可能促成了现代哺乳动物和鸟类中性粒细胞/异嗜性粒细胞的优势地位。总之，我们表明 CSF3R/CSF3 的出现是现代哺乳动物中性粒细胞后续进化的关键因素。
