Kang Chao, Huang Ying, Yang Hui, Yan Xiu Fang, Chen Zeng Ping
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research of Guizhou Province, College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Nov 23;10(11):2316. doi: 10.3390/nano10112316.
The fluorescent carbon dot is a novel type of carbon nanomaterial. In comparison with semiconductor quantum dots and fluorescence organic agents, it possesses significant advantages such as excellent photostability and biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity and easy surface functionalization, which endow it a wide application prospect in fields of bioimaging, chemical sensing, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis and photocatalysis as well. Biomass waste is a good choice for the production of carbon dots owing to its abundance, wide availability, eco-friendly nature and a source of low cost renewable raw materials such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, carbohydrates and proteins, etc. This paper reviews the main sources of biomass waste, the feasibility and superiority of adopting biomass waste as a carbon source for the synthesis of carbon dots, the synthetic approaches of carbon dots from biomass waste and their applications. The advantages and deficiencies of carbon dots from biomass waste and the major influencing factors on their photoluminescence characteristics are summarized and discussed. The challenges and perspectives in the synthesis of carbon dots from biomass wastes are also briefly outlined.
荧光碳点是一种新型的碳纳米材料。与半导体量子点和荧光有机试剂相比，它具有显著的优势，如优异的光稳定性和生物相容性、低细胞毒性以及易于表面功能化，这使其在生物成像、化学传感、环境监测、疾病诊断和光催化等领域也具有广阔的应用前景。生物质废弃物因其丰富性、广泛可得性、生态友好性以及作为纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、碳水化合物和蛋白质等低成本可再生原料的来源，是生产碳点的良好选择。本文综述了生物质废弃物的主要来源、采用生物质废弃物作为碳源合成碳点的可行性和优势、从生物质废弃物合成碳点的方法及其应用。总结并讨论了生物质废弃物碳点的优缺点及其光致发光特性的主要影响因素。还简要概述了从生物质废弃物合成碳点面临的挑战和前景。
