Characteristics of Isolated From Clinical Specimens in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

INTRODUCTION

Methicillin resistant (MRSA) is a major human pathogen associated with nosocomial and community infections. A gene is considered one of the important virulence factors of responsible for acquiring resistance against methicillin. The main objective of this study was to explore the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and A gene.

METHODS

A total of 39 isolates of were isolated from 954 clinical specimens processed in Microbiology laboratory of Himal Hospital, Kathmandu. Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using cefoxitin, and performed Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for amplification of gene in MRSA isolates.

RESULTS

Out of 954 clinical samples, (16.2%; 153/954) samples had bacterial growth. Among 153 culture positive isolates, 25.5% (39/153) were positive for Among 39 (61.5%; 24/39) were multiple drug resistant (MDR). On AST, amoxicillin was detected as the least effective while vancomycin was the most effective. The prevalence of methicillin resistance was 46% (18/39) of which 72.2% (13/18) were positive for gene in PCR assay.

CONCLUSION

One in 4 culture positive isolates from the clinical specimens were , of which almost two-thirds were MDR. Around half of the MDR showed MRSA and significant proportion of them were positive for gene. This study concludes that the gene is solely dependent for methicillin resistance in but the presence of gene is not obligatory. PCR detection of the A gene is reliable, valid and can be suggested for the routine use in diagnostic laboratories.