Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2020 Nov 26;8(11):e18774. doi: 10.2196/18774.
There has been an increase in the technological infrastructures of many health care organizations to support the practice of health care providers. However, many nurses are using their personal digital devices, such as smartphones, while at work for personal and professional purposes. Despite the proliferation of smartphone use in the health care setting, there is limited research on the clinical use of these devices by nurses. It is unclear as to what extent and for what reasons nurses are using their personal smartphones to support their practice.
This review aimed to understand the current breadth of research on nurses' personal smartphone use in the workplace and to identify implications for research, practice, and education.
A scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework was conducted, and the following databases were used in the literature search: CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Embase, MEDLINE, Nursing and Allied Health Database, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Reviews. Search terms used were Nurs* AND (personal digital technology OR smartphone OR cellphone OR mobile phone OR cellular phone). Inclusion criteria included research focused on nurses' use of their own digital technologies, reported in English, and published between January 2010 and January 2020. Exclusion criteria were if the device or app was implemented for research purposes, if it was provided by the organization, if it focused on infection control, and if it was focused on nursing students or nursing education.
A total of 22 out of 2606 articles met the inclusion criteria. Two main themes from the thematic analyses included personal smartphone use for patient care and implications of personal smartphone use. Nurses used their smartphones to locate information about medications, procedures, diagnoses, and laboratory tests. Downloaded apps were used by nurses to locate patient care-related information. Nurses reported improved communication among health team members and used their personal devices to communicate patient information via text messaging, calling, and picture and video functions. Nurses expressed insight into personal smartphone use and challenges related to distraction, information privacy, organizational policies, and patient perception.
Nurses view personal smartphones as an efficient method to gather patient care information and to communicate with the health care team. This review highlights knowledge gaps regarding nurses' personal device use and information safety, patient care outcomes, and communication practices. This scoping review facilitates critical reflection on patient care practices within the digital context. We infer that nurses' use of their personal devices to communicate among the health care team may demonstrate a technological "work-around" meant to reconcile health system demands for cost-efficiency with efforts to provide quality patient care. The current breadth of research is focused on acute care, with little research focus in other practices settings. Research initiatives are needed to explore personal device use across the continuum of health care settings.
许多医疗机构的技术基础设施都有所增加，以支持医疗服务提供者的实践。然而，许多护士在工作时出于个人和专业目的使用个人数字设备，例如智能手机。尽管智能手机在医疗保健环境中的使用越来越普及，但对护士使用这些设备的临床应用的研究却很有限。尚不清楚护士使用个人智能手机支持其工作的程度和原因。
本综述旨在了解当前有关护士在工作场所中使用个人智能手机的研究范围，并确定对研究，实践和教育的启示。
使用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的方法学框架进行了范围界定审查，并在文献检索中使用了以下数据库：CINAHL、PubMed、ProQuest 论文和论文、Embase、MEDLINE、护理和联合健康数据库、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Reviews。使用的搜索词为 Nurs* AND（个人数字技术或智能手机或手机或移动电话或蜂窝电话）。纳入标准包括专注于护士使用自己的数字技术的研究，以英文报告，并于 2010 年 1 月至 2020 年 1 月期间发表。排除标准是如果设备或应用程序是出于研究目的而实施的，如果是由组织提供的，如果专注于感染控制，如果专注于护理学生或护理教育。
在 2606 篇文章中，共有 22 篇符合纳入标准。主题分析中的两个主要主题包括患者护理的个人智能手机使用和个人智能手机使用的影响。护士使用智能手机查找有关药物，程序，诊断和实验室检查的信息。护士使用下载的应用程序查找与患者护理相关的信息。护士报告说，医护人员之间的沟通得到了改善，并通过短信，电话和图片及视频功能使用个人设备来传递患者信息。护士对个人智能手机的使用以及与分心，信息隐私，组织政策和患者感知相关的挑战有了深刻的认识。
护士认为个人智能手机是收集患者护理信息并与医疗保健团队进行沟通的有效方法。本综述突出了有关护士个人设备使用和信息安全，患者护理结果以及沟通实践的知识空白。该范围界定审查有助于在数字环境中对患者护理实践进行批判性思考。我们推断，护士使用个人设备在医疗团队中进行沟通，可能表明这是一种旨在协调卫生系统对成本效益的需求与提供高质量患者护理的努力的技术“解决方法”。当前的研究范围主要集中在急症护理上，而在其他实践环境中的研究重点很少。需要开展研究计划，以探索整个医疗保健环境中的个人设备使用情况。
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