University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, H-6720 Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64 Hungary.
Anaerobe. 2021 Apr;68:102300. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102300. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
It was estimated that more than 700 bacterial species inhabit the oral cavity of healthy humans. Anaerobes comprise a significant fraction of the oral bacteriome and play an important role in the formation of multi-species biofilms attached to various anatomical sites. Bacterial biofilms are also associated with pathologic laesions of the oral cavity, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and distinct oral taxa could also be detected within the tumors, i.e. in deep biopsy samples. These observations suggested that certain oral bacteria or oral bacterial communities may play a causative role in oral carcinogenesis, in addition to the well characterized risk factors of oral cancer. Alternatively, it was also proposed that a subset of oral bacteria may have a growth advantage in the unique microenvironment of OSCC. Recently, a series of studies analysed the OSCC-associated bacterial communities using metataxonomic, metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches. This review outlines the major differences between the community structure of microbiota in tumor biopsy, surface-biofilm and salivary or oral wash samples collected from OSCC patients, compared to corresponding samples from control persons. A special emphasis is given to the anaerobic bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium periodonticum that were characterised repeatedly as "OSCC-associated" in independent studies. Predicted microbial functions and relevant in vivo experimental models of oral carcinogenesis will also be summarized.
据估计，有超过 700 种细菌栖息在健康人类的口腔中。厌氧菌构成了口腔细菌组的重要部分，在附着在各种解剖部位的多物种生物膜的形成中发挥着重要作用。细菌生物膜也与口腔的病理性病变有关，包括口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC），并且在肿瘤内，即在深部活检样本中，也可以检测到不同的口腔分类群。这些观察结果表明，某些口腔细菌或口腔细菌群落可能除了口腔癌的特征性危险因素外，还在口腔癌发生中起因果作用。或者，也有人提出，一组口腔细菌可能在 OSCC 的独特微环境中具有生长优势。最近，一系列研究使用分类组学、宏基因组学和宏转录组学方法分析了与 OSCC 相关的细菌群落。本综述概述了与来自对照个体的相应样本相比，在肿瘤活检、表面生物膜和唾液或口腔冲洗样本中收集的 OSCC 患者的微生物群落结构的主要差异。特别强调了厌氧细菌福赛斯坦纳菌和牙周拟杆菌，它们在独立研究中被反复描述为“与 OSCC 相关”。还将总结预测的微生物功能和相关的口腔致癌体内实验模型。
