共情护理电话干预对晚期癌症患者的作用：一项定性研究。
The role of empathic nursing telephone interventions with advanced cancer patients: A qualitative study.
机构信息
The University of Houston, Graduate College of Social Work, 3511 Cullen Blvd Room 110HA, Office #409, Houston, TX, 77204-4013, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, 985330 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Veterans Administration Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
出版信息
Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2021 Feb;50:101863. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2020.101863. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
PURPOSE
Effective symptom management and provider-patient communication are critical components of quality palliative cancer care. Studies suggest nurse-telephone-interventions are feasible, acceptable and may improve the provision and satisfaction with care. However, little is known about what specific elements of nurse-telephone-interventions are most beneficial. The study's purpose was to describe the nature and key elements of therapeutic calls made by nurses to advanced cancer patients to understand what may have previously contributed to improvement in patients who received the intervention.
METHODS
As part of a larger study on methylphenidate and/or a nurse-telephone-intervention for fatigue in advanced cancer patients from a tertiary hospital, nurse calls were made to 95 patients. This qualitative descriptive study used thematic analysis of transcribed telephone calls between nurses and advanced cancer patients.
RESULTS
The overarching theme of these calls was supporting patients with empathy. Empathy in these conversations included nurses' efforts to understand patients' experiences, nurses communicating their understanding back to patients and nurses taking action in response to their understanding of patients' experiences. While humor and validation were used to communicate empathy, problem solving and providing support constituted the content of empathic communication.
CONCLUSIONS
This study illustrates a nurse-telephone-interventions that embraced multiple components of clinical empathy. Nurse-telephone-interventions are feasible and acceptable with diverse, advanced cancer patients. The growing evidence base underscoring the numerous benefits of medical empathy may serve as a basis for adopting simple, feasible and accessible approaches such as empathic nurse-telephone-interventions in both research and clinical practice.
目的
有效的症状管理和医患沟通是高质量癌症姑息治疗的关键组成部分。研究表明，护士电话干预是可行的、可接受的，并且可能改善护理的提供和满意度。然而，对于护士电话干预中哪些具体要素最有益，我们知之甚少。本研究的目的是描述护士对晚期癌症患者进行治疗性电话沟通的性质和关键要素，以了解之前可能对接受干预的患者的改善做出了哪些贡献。
方法
作为一项关于哌醋甲酯和/或护士电话干预对三级医院晚期癌症患者疲劳的研究的一部分，对 95 名患者进行了护士电话沟通。这项定性描述性研究使用了对护士与晚期癌症患者之间电话通话的主题分析。
结果
这些电话的总体主题是对患者表示同情。在这些对话中，同情包括护士努力理解患者的经历、护士将他们的理解传达给患者以及护士根据对患者经历的理解采取行动。虽然幽默和验证用于传达同情，但解决问题和提供支持构成了同理心沟通的内容。
结论
本研究说明了一种护士电话干预，它包含了临床同理心的多个组成部分。护士电话干预对于不同的晚期癌症患者来说是可行和可接受的。越来越多的证据强调了医学同理心的众多益处，这可能为在研究和临床实践中采用简单、可行和可及的方法，如同理心护士电话干预，提供依据。
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