School of Nursing, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 1;10:929043. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.929043. eCollection 2022.
Lifestyle modifications are the first-line interventions for metabolic syndrome (MetS) management. The effectiveness of lifestyle interventions depends mostly on participants' adherence to the interventions. The current study was to explore the experiences of MetS patients in attending lifestyle intervention program (LIP) and the factors that influenced their adherence to the interventions.
A descriptive qualitative study was designed following the COREQ guideline. Face-to-face semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a purposive sample from the participants who attended the LIP using the data saturation principle. Content analysis of transcripts was conducted following the methods proposed by Graneheim and Lundman.
The study recruited 27 participants, including 13 males and 14 females. Four themes were identified: (i) the positive and beneficial experiences of attending the LIP, including incorporating lifestyle modifications into daily life, improved physical and psychological health, and empowerment; (ii) facilitators of adherence, including individualized lifestyle education, regular follow-ups, and adequate interpersonal support; (iii) barriers to adherence, including personal resistance, competing demands, and contextual factors; (iv) suggestions for future interventions: with multidisciplinary team, longer term intervention, and more efficient approaches. The findings also indicated that young-to-middle aged patients faced more conflicts with role-related commitments, and were open for e-approaches in lifestyle interventions.
The LIP provided positive and beneficial experiences for the participants. Actively incorporating lifestyle modifications into daily life is the key to maintain participants' adherence to the LIP. Culturally appropriate and psycho-behavioral strategies should be adopted to overcome personal and contextual barriers. Special attentions should be paid for the young-to-middle aged population in MetS management.
生活方式的改变是代谢综合征（MetS）管理的一线干预措施。生活方式干预的有效性主要取决于参与者对干预措施的依从性。本研究旨在探讨 MetS 患者参加生活方式干预计划（LIP）的经验，以及影响他们对干预措施依从性的因素。
本研究采用描述性定性研究设计，遵循 COREQ 指南。采用数据饱和原则，从参加 LIP 的参与者中选择目的抽样进行面对面半结构式个体访谈。采用 Graneheim 和 Lundman 提出的方法对转录本进行内容分析。
本研究共招募了 27 名参与者，包括 13 名男性和 14 名女性。确定了四个主题：（i）参加 LIP 的积极有益经验，包括将生活方式改变融入日常生活、改善身心健康和增强能力；（ii）依从性的促进因素，包括个性化的生活方式教育、定期随访和充足的人际支持；（iii）依从性的障碍，包括个人阻力、竞争需求和环境因素；（iv）对未来干预措施的建议：采用多学科团队、长期干预和更有效的方法。研究结果还表明，年轻到中年患者面临更多与角色相关承诺的冲突，并且对生活方式干预的电子方法持开放态度。
LIP 为参与者提供了积极有益的经验。积极将生活方式改变融入日常生活是维持参与者对 LIP 依从性的关键。应采用文化适宜和心理行为策略来克服个人和环境障碍。在 MetS 管理中应特别关注年轻到中年人群。
