Hardin Heather K, Bender Anna E, Hermann Carla P, Speck Barbara J
Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Apr;77(4):1645-1655. doi: 10.1111/jan.14674. Epub 2020 Nov 29.
To conduct an integrative review of empirical studies examining factors affecting trust in the healthcare provider (HCP) relationship among adolescents.
An integrative review was conducted.
The keywords adolescent, trust, healthcare provider and related words were searched in multiple online research databases. The results were limited to research published between 2004 and 2019. Seventeen primary sources were identified and synthesized in the final review.
Guided by the Whittemore and Knafl integrative review method, a data-based convergent synthesis design was used to explore the key research question in both qualitative and quantitative research.
This integrative review found that health care provider behaviours, such as confidentiality, honesty, respect, and empathy, promote adolescent's trust of the HCP. Notable gaps in the literature were also identified, including a lack of diversity among adolescent samples and HCP types and underdeveloped measures of adolescent trust of HCP.
This integrative review informed the development of a new conceptual definition of adolescent trust of HCP, which embodies the key findings of the importance of HCP confidentiality, honesty, respect, and empathy. This definition can be used to develop instruments, interventions and policies that promote HCP trust among adolescents. Future research is needed to develop instruments to measure adolescents' trust of HCPs, evaluate trust of HCPs among diverse samples of adolescents and evaluate adolescent trust of HCPs with a variety of HCP types.
The new conceptual definition of adolescent trust of HCP can be used to enhance nursing practice and design behavioural interventions to improve trust of HCP. To foster adolescent trust of HCP, policies should be enacted in healthcare institutions to explain confidentiality, provide notification of reporting mandates and formalize consent, assent and dissent for adolescents seeking health care.
对实证研究进行综合回顾，这些研究探讨了影响青少年与医疗服务提供者（HCP）关系中信任的因素。
进行了一项综合回顾。
在多个在线研究数据库中搜索了关键词“青少年”“信任”“医疗服务提供者”及相关词汇。结果仅限于2004年至2019年发表的研究。在最终回顾中确定并综合了17篇主要文献。
以惠特莫尔和克纳夫的综合回顾方法为指导，采用基于数据的收敛性综合设计，在定性和定量研究中探索关键研究问题。
该综合回顾发现，医疗服务提供者的行为，如保密、诚实、尊重和同理心，会促进青少年对医疗服务提供者的信任。还发现了文献中的显著差距，包括青少年样本和医疗服务提供者类型缺乏多样性，以及青少年对医疗服务提供者信任的测量方法不完善。
该综合回顾为青少年对医疗服务提供者信任的新概念定义的发展提供了依据，该定义体现了医疗服务提供者保密、诚实、尊重和同理心重要性的关键发现。这个定义可用于开发促进青少年对医疗服务提供者信任的工具、干预措施和政策。未来需要开展研究来开发测量青少年对医疗服务提供者信任的工具，评估不同青少年样本对医疗服务提供者的信任，并评估青少年对各种类型医疗服务提供者的信任。
青少年对医疗服务提供者信任的新概念定义可用于加强护理实践，并设计行为干预措施以提高对医疗服务提供者的信任。为了培养青少年对医疗服务提供者的信任，医疗机构应制定政策来解释保密规定，提供报告要求的通知，并使寻求医疗服务的青少年的同意、赞成和反对正式化。
