Department of Psychology, Sungshin University, Seoul 02844, Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju26426, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 24;17(23):8738. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17238738.
: Firefighters are vulnerable to irregular sleep patterns and sleep disturbance due to work characteristics such as shift work and frequent dispatch. However, there are few studies investigating intervention targeting sleep for firefighters. This preliminary study aimed to develop and test a sleep intervention, namely FIT-IN (Firefighter's Therapy for Insomnia and Nightmares), which was based on existing evidence-based treatment tailored to firefighters in consideration of their occupational characteristics. : This study implemented a single-group pre-post study design, utilizing an intervention developed based on brief behavior therapy for insomnia with imagery rehearsal therapy components. FIT-IN consisted of a total of three sessions (two face-to-face group sessions and one telephone session). Participants were recruited from Korean fire stations, and a total of 39 firefighters participated. Participants completed a sleep diary for two weeks, as well as the following questionnaires to assess their sleep and psychological factors: insomnia severity index (ISI), disturbing dream and nightmare severity index (DDNSI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), depressive symptom inventory-suicidality subscale (DSI), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). These questionnaires were administered before the first session and at the end of the second session. : The FIT-IN program produced improvements in sleep indices. There was a significant increase in sleep efficiency ( < 0.01), and a decrease in sleep onset latency, number of awakenings, and time in bed ( < 0.05), as derived from weekly sleep diaries. In addition, significant decreases were shown for insomnia ( < 0.001) and nightmare severity ( < 0.01). : There were significant improvements in sleep and other clinical indices (depression, PTSD scores) when comparing pre-and post-intervention scores. FIT-IN may be a feasible and practical option in alleviating sleep disturbance in this population. Further studies will be needed to ascertain FIT-IN's effectiveness.
消防员由于轮班工作和频繁出动等工作特点，容易出现不规则的睡眠模式和睡眠障碍。然而，针对消防员睡眠问题的干预措施研究较少。本初步研究旨在开发和测试一种睡眠干预措施，即 FIT-IN（消防员失眠和噩梦治疗），该措施基于针对消防员职业特点量身定制的现有循证失眠治疗方法。
本研究采用单组前后测设计，采用基于简短行为疗法的失眠干预措施，并结合意象排练疗法。FIT-IN 共包括三个疗程（两次面对面小组疗程和一次电话疗程）。研究对象从韩国消防站招募，共有 39 名消防员参与。参与者完成了两周的睡眠日记，并填写了以下评估睡眠和心理因素的问卷：失眠严重指数（ISI）、干扰性梦境和噩梦严重指数（DDNSI）、Epworth 嗜睡量表（ESS）、抑郁症状量表-自杀意念分量表（DSI）和患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）。这些问卷在第一次疗程前和第二次疗程结束时进行了评估。
FIT-IN 方案改善了睡眠指标。每周睡眠日记显示，睡眠效率显著提高（<0.01），入睡潜伏期、觉醒次数和卧床时间均减少（<0.05）。此外，失眠（<0.001）和噩梦严重程度（<0.01）也显著降低。
与干预前相比，干预后睡眠和其他临床指标（抑郁、创伤后应激障碍评分）均有显著改善。FIT-IN 可能是缓解该人群睡眠障碍的一种可行且实用的选择。需要进一步的研究来确定 FIT-IN 的有效性。
