School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 16;18(24):13256. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413256.
Volunteer and career firefighters are at risk of major depressive disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), alcohol use disorder, and other mental health disorders due to the demanding and unpredictable nature of their employment. The mental health risks are exacerbated by the need to work extended hours, night shifts, and/or rotating schedules, or the competing demands of other employment, especially in volunteer firefighters. The mental health disorders and risk factors interact with altered sleeping patterns. In the current study, we examined volunteer and career firefighters regarding the association between mental health and sleep, drawing from a national Canadian mental health survey of 1217 firefighters. Most (69%) of the firefighters reported less than ideal sleep quality and 21% screened positive for clinical insomnia, with no significant difference between volunteer and career subgroups. Firefighters with insomnia had higher odds ratios (OR) and frequencies for PTSD (OR = 4.98), generalized anxiety disorder (OR = 7.15), panic disorder (OR = 6.88), social phobia (OR = 4.98), and major depressive disorder (OR = 7.91), than firefighters without insomnia. The burden of sleep disorders and their association with mental health disorders suggests that sleep should be considered in health monitoring and self-management, environmental design, fire service work-organization policies, and health programming.
由于职业的特殊性，志愿消防员和职业消防员面临着患重大抑郁障碍、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、酒精使用障碍和其他心理健康障碍的风险，他们的工作性质具有高要求和不可预测性。心理健康风险因需要延长工作时间、上夜班和/或轮班工作，或其他工作的竞争需求而加剧，尤其是在志愿消防员中。心理健康障碍和风险因素与睡眠模式的改变相互作用。在目前的研究中，我们从一项针对 1217 名消防员的全国性加拿大心理健康调查中，研究了志愿消防员和职业消防员的心理健康与睡眠之间的关系。大多数（69%）消防员报告睡眠质量不理想，21%的消防员存在临床失眠症，志愿消防员和职业消防员亚组之间没有显著差异。有失眠症的消防员患 PTSD（OR=4.98）、广泛性焦虑障碍（OR=7.15）、恐慌症（OR=6.88）、社交恐惧症（OR=4.98）和重度抑郁障碍（OR=7.91）的几率比没有失眠症的消防员更高。睡眠障碍的负担及其与心理健康障碍的关联表明，在健康监测和自我管理、环境设计、消防服务工作组织政策和健康计划中应考虑睡眠因素。
