低教育程度与 2 型糖尿病患者牙周状况不良相关：一项横断面研究。
Low education is associated with poor periodontal status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Disaster Medicine and Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan.
Misaki Naika Clinic, Funabashi, Japan.
出版信息
Clin Exp Dent Res. 2021 Aug;7(4):419-428. doi: 10.1002/cre2.363. Epub 2020 Nov 30.
OBJECTIVES
Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Because periodontitis is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease, identification of risk factors of periodontitis is valuable to control periodontitis effectively. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of education and household income with periodontal status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
METHODS
Participants were 2,436 patients (59.8% male, aged 29-93 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus from 27 medical clinics. Participants' medical records and information about education, household income, general health status, and health behaviors were collected. Periodontal status was assessed in a nearby dental office. Multiple linear regression analyses and ordered logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of periodontal parameters with education and household income after adjusting for age, sex, general health status, and health behaviors.
RESULTS
Multiple linear regression analysis showed that mean probing pocket depth was not significantly associated with education and household income. Ordered logistic regression analyses showed statistically significant odds ratios (ORs) of junior high school (reference: university) for the tertiles of the percentage of sites with bleeding on probing (OR: 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.81), percentage of mobile teeth (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.24-2.03), and number of teeth present (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.39-0.65), and statistically significant odds ratios of high school (reference: university) for the tertiles of the percentage of mobile teeth (OR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.06-1.51) and number of teeth present (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62-0.88), but not household income.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that low education is one of the important predictors of poor periodontal status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is important to provide targeted interventions including periodontal education in junior high school.
目的
心血管疾病仍然是 2 型糖尿病患者最常见的死亡原因。由于牙周炎是心血管疾病的一个危险因素，因此确定牙周炎的危险因素对于有效控制牙周炎具有重要意义。本研究旨在探讨教育程度和家庭收入与 2 型糖尿病患者牙周状况的关系。
方法
研究对象为来自 27 家医疗诊所的 2436 名 2 型糖尿病患者（男性占 59.8%，年龄 29-93 岁）。收集了参与者的病历以及关于教育程度、家庭收入、一般健康状况和健康行为的信息。在附近的牙科诊室评估了牙周状况。在调整年龄、性别、一般健康状况和健康行为后，采用多元线性回归分析和有序逻辑回归分析来研究牙周参数与教育程度和家庭收入的关系。
结果
多元线性回归分析显示，平均探诊深度与教育程度和家庭收入无显著相关性。有序逻辑回归分析显示，初中（参考：大学）与探诊出血百分比的三分位（比值比[OR]：1.42；95%置信区间[CI]：1.11-1.81）、松动牙百分比（OR：1.58；95% CI：1.24-2.03）和现患牙数（OR：0.51；95% CI：0.39-0.65）呈统计学显著关联，高中（参考：大学）与松动牙百分比（OR：1.27；95% CI：1.06-1.51）和现患牙数（OR：0.74；95% CI：0.62-0.88）的三分位呈统计学显著关联，但家庭收入则无统计学显著关联。
结论
这些结果表明，低教育程度是 2 型糖尿病患者牙周状况差的重要预测因素之一。在初中阶段提供包括牙周教育在内的有针对性的干预措施非常重要。
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