Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daegu 42994, Korea.
School of Electronics Engineering, Graduate School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Nov 27;20(23):6779. doi: 10.3390/s20236779.
With the increase in research cases of the application of a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based object detection technology, studies on the light-weight CNN models that can be performed in real time on the edge-computing devices are also increasing. This paper proposed scalable convolutional blocks that can be easily designed CNN networks of You Only Look Once (YOLO) detector which have the balanced processing speed and accuracy of the target edge-computing devices considering different performances by exchanging the proposed blocks simply. The maximum number of kernels of the convolutional layer was determined through simple but intuitive speed comparison tests for three edge-computing devices to be considered. The scalable convolutional blocks were designed in consideration of the limited maximum number of kernels to detect objects in real time on these edge-computing devices. Three scalable and fast YOLO detectors (SF-YOLO) which designed using the proposed scalable convolutional blocks compared the processing speed and accuracy with several conventional light-weight YOLO detectors on the edge-computing devices. When compared with YOLOv3-tiny, SF-YOLO was seen to be 2 times faster than the previous processing speed but with the same accuracy as YOLOv3-tiny, and also, a 48% improved processing speed than the YOLOv3-tiny-PRN which is the processing speed improvement model. Also, even in the large SF-YOLO model that focuses on the accuracy performance, it achieved a 10% faster processing speed with better accuracy of 40.4% mAP@0.5 in the MS COCO dataset than YOLOv4-tiny model.
随着卷积神经网络(CNN)-基于目标检测技术应用研究案例的增加,研究能够在边缘计算设备上实时执行的轻量级 CNN 模型的研究也在增加。本文提出了可扩展卷积块,可以轻松设计具有平衡处理速度和精度的 You Only Look Once (YOLO) 检测器的 CNN 网络,同时考虑到不同性能,可以通过简单地交换这些块来实现。通过对三个边缘计算设备进行简单而直观的速度比较测试,确定了卷积层的最大核数。为了在这些边缘计算设备上实时检测物体,设计了可扩展卷积块,考虑到最大核数的限制。使用提出的可扩展卷积块设计了三个可扩展和快速的 YOLO 检测器(SF-YOLO),并在边缘计算设备上与几个传统的轻量级 YOLO 检测器比较了处理速度和准确性。与 YOLOv3-tiny 相比,SF-YOLO 的处理速度快了 2 倍,但与 YOLOv3-tiny 的准确性相同,并且比 YOLOv3-tiny-PRN 的处理速度提高了 48%,YOLOv3-tiny-PRN 是一种处理速度提高模型。此外,即使在注重准确性性能的大型 SF-YOLO 模型中,它在 MS COCO 数据集上的 mAP@0.5 精度也达到了 40.4%,比 YOLOv4-tiny 模型快了 10%。
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