Jeon Yu-Mi, Kwon Younghwi, Jo Myungjin, Lee Shinrye, Kim Seyeon, Kim Hyung-Jun
Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, South Korea.
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Nov 11;8:548283. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.548283. eCollection 2020.
The abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates in neurons and glial cells is widely known to be associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Multiple system atrophy (MSA). Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons and glia is known as a key feature of α-syn toxicity. Studies aimed at understanding α-syn-induced toxicity and its role in neurodegenerative diseases have primarily focused on neurons. However, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that glial cells such as microglia and astrocytes have been implicated in the initial pathogenesis and the progression of α-Synucleinopathy. Glial cells are important for supporting neuronal survival, synaptic functions, and local immunity. Furthermore, recent studies highlight the role of mitochondrial metabolism in the normal function of glial cells. In this work, we review the complex relationship between glial mitochondria and α-syn-mediated neurodegeneration, which may provide novel insights into the roles of glial cells in α-syn-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
α-突触核蛋白（α-syn）聚集体在神经元和神经胶质细胞中的异常积累与许多神经退行性疾病密切相关，包括帕金森病（PD）、路易体痴呆（DLB）和多系统萎缩（MSA）。神经元和神经胶质细胞中的线粒体功能障碍是α-syn毒性的一个关键特征。旨在了解α-syn诱导的毒性及其在神经退行性疾病中作用的研究主要集中在神经元上。然而，越来越多的证据表明，小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞等神经胶质细胞与α-突触核蛋白病的初始发病机制和进展有关。神经胶质细胞对于支持神经元存活、突触功能和局部免疫非常重要。此外，最近的研究强调了线粒体代谢在神经胶质细胞正常功能中的作用。在这项工作中，我们综述了神经胶质细胞线粒体与α-syn介导的神经退行性变之间的复杂关系，这可能为神经胶质细胞在α-syn相关神经退行性疾病中的作用提供新的见解。
