RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, PO Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA.
Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, USC Center for Artificial Intelligence in Society, USC Center for Mindfulness Science, USC Institute for Addiction Science, 669 W 34th St, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Addict Behav. 2021 Feb;113:106696. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106696. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Opioid misuse has emerged in recent years as a major public health concern in the United States, particularly for adolescents and emerging young adults. We examined the association of opioid misuse from ages 18 to 20 with four domains at age 21-22: risk behaviors and consequences; health; social functioning; and emerging adult roles. Participants were surveyed annually from 2008 through 2019. The sample includes N = 2880 youth from waves 8-11. The sample was approximately 18 years old at wave 8; 54% female, 46% Hispanic, 20% white, 20% Asian, 2% Black, and 11% multiracial. Opioid misuse was low in this general sample of young adults, with about 4% reporting misuse from age 18-20. We used latent growth curve modeling to examine how misuse from ages 18-20 was associated with functioning at age 21-22. Adolescents who reported opioid misuse at age 18 also reported more negative consequences from alcohol and cannabis use and greater odds of other prescription drug misuse at age 21-22 than those with no misuse. Those reporting opioid misuse at age 18 were also more likely to engage in sexual risk behaviors, report delinquent behavior, and have a higher likelihood of experiencing sexual victimization and engaging in sexual perpetration at age 21-22 than those with no misuse. Neither the intercept nor slope of opioid misuse was associated with depression, anxiety, physical health or ailments, satisfaction with friends, romantic relationship functioning, or emerging adult roles at wave 11. Findings highlight the importance of screening and brief intervention for adolescents reporting opioid misuse.
近年来，阿片类药物滥用已成为美国的一个主要公共卫生关注点，尤其是在青少年和新兴年轻成年人中。我们研究了从 18 岁到 20 岁期间阿片类药物滥用与 21-22 岁四个方面的关系：风险行为和后果；健康；社会功能；以及新兴成人角色。参与者从 2008 年到 2019 年每年接受调查。该样本包括来自第 8 至 11 波的 2880 名青年。在第 8 波时，该样本的年龄约为 18 岁；54%为女性，46%为西班牙裔，20%为白人，20%为亚裔，2%为黑人，11%为多种族裔。在这个一般的年轻成年人样本中，阿片类药物滥用的比例较低，约有 4%的人报告在 18-20 岁期间有滥用行为。我们使用潜在增长曲线模型来研究从 18 岁到 20 岁的滥用行为与 21-22 岁的功能之间的关系。18 岁时报告阿片类药物滥用的青少年在 21-22 岁时报告的酒精和大麻使用的负面后果更多，其他处方药物滥用的可能性也更大。在 18 岁时报告阿片类药物滥用的人也更有可能从事性行为风险行为，报告违法行为，并且在 21-22 岁时更有可能遭受性侵害和从事性侵犯，而没有滥用行为的人则没有。阿片类药物滥用的截距和斜率都与抑郁、焦虑、身体健康或疾病、对朋友的满意度、浪漫关系功能或第 11 波的新兴成人角色无关。研究结果强调了对报告阿片类药物滥用的青少年进行筛查和简短干预的重要性。
