Dewanjee M K
Section of Nuclear Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1987;516:541-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb33073.x.
The contributions of platelets and clotting factors in thrombosis on injured vessel and cardiovascular prostheses have been quantified with several tracers. Thrombus formation in vivo could be measured semiquantitatively in animal models and humans with 111In-labeled platelets, 123I- and 131I-labeled fibrinogen, 111In-labeled antibody to the fibrinogen receptor on the platelet membrane and to fibrin. Thrombus localization by imaging was possible for large thrombus in vessel with deep injury of thrombogenic surface in the acute phase. A single layer of adherent platelet could not be imaged, due to the high background radioactivity present in blood. Thrombogenicity of graft was compared with that of contralateral vessel. The dynamic process of platelet deposition could be followed accurately using the in vivo imaging technique. In addition, in vitro quantification permits determination of platelet and fibrin density and of the number of fibrin monomers per platelet in thrombus. The roles of prostacyclin, thromboxane inhibitors, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs have also been evaluated in animals models and humans. The tracer techniques thus provide invaluable information about platelet-fibrin deposition, its organization and dissolution, and for development of less thrombogenic surfaces for use in cardiovascular prostheses.
血小板和凝血因子在受损血管及心血管假体血栓形成中的作用已通过多种示踪剂进行了定量研究。在动物模型和人体中，可使用111In标记的血小板、123I和131I标记的纤维蛋白原、111In标记的血小板膜上纤维蛋白原受体抗体以及纤维蛋白抗体对体内血栓形成进行半定量测量。对于急性期血栓形成表面深度损伤的血管中的大血栓，通过成像可实现血栓定位。由于血液中存在高本底放射性，单层粘附血小板无法成像。将移植物的血栓形成性与对侧血管的进行比较。使用体内成像技术可准确跟踪血小板沉积的动态过程。此外，体外定量可确定血栓中血小板和纤维蛋白密度以及每个血小板中纤维蛋白单体的数量。在动物模型和人体中也评估了前列环素、血栓素抑制剂和非甾体抗炎药的作用。因此，示踪技术为血小板 - 纤维蛋白沉积、其组织和溶解提供了宝贵信息，并有助于开发用于心血管假体的血栓形成性较低的表面。
