Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Microbiology, Neugasse 25, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Feb 5;403:124002. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124002. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
Radioactive contamination resulting from major nuclear accidents presents harsh environmental conditions. Inside the Chernobyl exclusion zone, even more than 30 years after the accident, the resulting contamination levels still does not allow land-use or human dwellings. To study the potential of basidiomycete fungi to survive the conditions, a field trial was set up 5 km south-south-west of the destroyed reactor unit. A model basidiomycete, the lignicolous fungus Schizophyllum commune, was inoculated and survival in the soil could be verified. Indeed, one year after inoculation, the fungus was still observed using DNA-dependent techniques. Growth led to spread at a high rate, with approximately 8 mm per day. This shows that also white-rot basidiomycetes can survive the harsh conditions in soil inside the Chernobyl exclusion zone. The unadapted fungal strain showed the ability to grow and thrive in the contaminated soil where both stress from radiation and heavy metals were present.
由于重大核事故而导致的放射性污染带来了严峻的环境条件。在切尔诺贝利隔离区，即使是在事故发生 30 多年后，其造成的污染水平仍不允许进行土地使用或人类居住。为了研究担子菌真菌在这种条件下生存的潜力，在被毁的反应堆单元西南偏南 5 公里处进行了野外试验。接种了模式担子菌、木质腐生菌栓菌（Schizophyllum commune），并证实了其在土壤中的存活。实际上，在接种一年后，仍使用 DNA 依赖性技术观察到了该真菌。真菌的生长导致了快速的扩散，每天约 8 毫米。这表明，即使是白腐担子菌也能在切尔诺贝利隔离区的土壤中恶劣的条件下存活。未适应的真菌菌株表现出在存在辐射和重金属压力的污染土壤中生长和茁壮成长的能力。
