Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
Viruses. 2020 Nov 30;12(12):1370. doi: 10.3390/v12121370.
Within the past two decades, three zoonotic betacoronaviruses have been associated with outbreaks causing severe respiratory disease in humans. Of these, Middle East respiratory s yndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is the only zoonotic coronavirus that is known to consistently result in frequent zoonotic spillover events from the proximate reservoir host-the dromedary camel. A comprehensive understanding of infection in dromedaries is critical to informing public health recommendations and implementing intervention strategies to mitigate spillover events. Experimental models of reservoir disease are absolutely critical in understanding the pathogenesis and transmission, and are key to testing potential dromedary vaccines against MERS-CoV. In this review, we describe experimental infections of dromedary camels as well as additional camelid models used to further understand the camel's role in MERS-CoV spillover to humans.
在过去的二十年中，三种人畜共患的β冠状病毒与导致人类严重呼吸道疾病的暴发有关。在这些病毒中，中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）是唯一一种已知会从临近的储主——单峰驼身上频繁发生人畜共患病溢出事件的人畜共患冠状病毒。全面了解单峰驼的感染情况对于为公共卫生建议提供信息以及实施干预策略以减轻溢出事件至关重要。对储主疾病的实验模型绝对是理解发病机制和传播的关键，也是对 MERS-CoV 用单峰驼疫苗进行测试的关键。在这篇综述中，我们描述了对单峰驼的实验性感染，以及使用其他骆驼科动物模型来进一步了解骆驼在 MERS-CoV 溢出到人类中的作用。
