Institute of Molecular Biology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Yanan University, Yanan 716000, China.
Division of Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4H4, Canada.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 30;21(23):9123. doi: 10.3390/ijms21239123.
Using nanoparticles to carry and delivery anticancer drugs holds much promise in cancer therapy, but nanoparticles per se are lacking specificity. Active targeting, that is, using specific ligands to functionalize nanoparticles, is attracting much attention in recent years. Aptamers, with their several favorable features like high specificity and affinity, small size, very low immunogenicity, relatively low cost for production, and easiness to store, are one of the best candidates for the specific ligands of nanoparticle functionalization. This review discusses the benefits and challenges of using aptamers to functionalize nanoparticles for active targeting and especially presents nearly all of the published works that address the topic of using aptamers to functionalize nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and cancer therapy.
利用纳米颗粒携带和输送抗癌药物在癌症治疗中具有很大的前景，但纳米颗粒本身缺乏特异性。近年来，主动靶向，即使用特定的配体来功能化纳米颗粒，引起了广泛关注。适体具有高特异性和亲和力、体积小、免疫原性低、生产成本相对较低、易于储存等优点，是纳米颗粒功能化特异性配体的最佳候选物之一。本文讨论了使用适体功能化纳米颗粒进行主动靶向的益处和挑战，特别介绍了几乎所有关于使用适体功能化纳米颗粒进行靶向药物递送和癌症治疗的已发表的工作。
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