孩子们情况不佳：大学生新冠后综合征的初步报告

The Kids Are Not Alright: A Preliminary Report of Post-COVID Syndrome in University Students.

作者信息

Walsh-Messinger Julie, Manis Hannah, Vrabec Alison, Sizemore Jenna, Bishof Karyn, Debidda Marcella, Malaspina Dolores, Greenspan Noah

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469.

Department of Psychiatry, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, 2555 University Blvd, Dayton, OH 45324.

出版信息

medRxiv. 2020 Nov 29:2020.11.24.20238261. doi: 10.1101/2020.11.24.20238261.

DOI:10.1101/2020.11.24.20238261

PMID:33269366

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7709187/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Post-COVID syndrome is increasingly recognized by the medical community but has not been studied exclusively in young adults. This preliminary report investigates the prevalence and features of protracted symptoms in non-hospitalized university students who experienced mild-to-moderate acute illness.

METHODS

148 students completed an online study to earn research credit for class. Data from COVID-19 positive participants with symptoms ≥28 days (N=22) were compared to those who fully recovered (N=21) and those not diagnosed with COVID-19 (N=58).

RESULTS

51% of participants who contracted COVID-19 (N=43) experienced symptoms ≥28 days and were classified as having post-COVID syndrome; all but one (96%) were female. During acute illness the post-COVID group, compared to those who fully recovered, experienced significantly more chest pain (64% vs 14%; P=.002), fatigue (86% vs 48%; P=.009), fever (82% vs 48%; P=.02), olfactory impairment (82% vs 52%; P=.04), headaches (32% vs 5%; P<.05), and diarrhea (32% vs 5%; P<.05). Compared to those not diagnosed with COVID-19, the post-COVID syndrome group more frequently experienced exercise intolerance (43% vs. 0%; P<.001), dyspnea (43% vs. 0%; P<.001), chest pain (31% vs 7%; P=.002), olfactory impairment (19% vs 0%; P=.004), lymphadenopathy (19% vs 0%; P=.004), gustatory impairment (14% vs 0%; P=.02), and appetite loss (36% vs 14%; P=.02).

INTERPRETATION

Our results contradict the perception that this "yet to be defined" post-COVID syndrome predominantly affects middle-aged adults and suggest that exercise intolerance, dyspnea, chest pain, chemosensory impairment, lymphadenopathy, rhinitis, and appetite loss may differentiate post-COVID syndrome from general symptoms of pandemic, age, and academic related stress. These findings are also consistent with previous reports that females are more vulnerable to this post viral syndrome. Large-scale population-based studies are essential to discerning the magnitude and characterization of post-COVID syndrome in young adults as well as more diverse populations.

摘要

背景

新冠后综合征日益受到医学界的认可，但尚未专门针对年轻人进行研究。本初步报告调查了经历轻度至中度急性疾病的非住院大学生中持续性症状的患病率和特征。

方法

148名学生完成了一项在线研究，以获得课程研究学分。将症状持续≥28天的新冠病毒阳性参与者（N=22）的数据与完全康复的参与者（N=21）以及未被诊断出感染新冠病毒的参与者（N=58）的数据进行比较。

结果

感染新冠病毒的参与者中51%（N=43）出现症状≥28天，被归类为患有新冠后综合征；除一人外均为女性（96%）。在急性疾病期间，与完全康复的参与者相比，新冠后综合征组出现胸痛（64%对14%；P=0.002）、疲劳（86%对48%；P=0.009）、发热（82%对48%；P=0.02）、嗅觉障碍（82%对52%；P=0.04）、头痛（32%对5%；P<0.05）和腹泻（32%对5%；P<0.05）的情况明显更多。与未被诊断出感染新冠病毒的参与者相比，新冠后综合征组更频繁地出现运动不耐受（43%对0%；P<0.001）、呼吸困难（43%对0%；P<0.001）、胸痛（31%对7%；P=0.002）、嗅觉障碍（19%对0%；P=0.004）、淋巴结病（19%对0%；P=0.004）、味觉障碍（14%对0%；P=0.02）和食欲减退（36%对14%；P=0.02）。

解读

我们的结果与认为这种“尚未明确”的新冠后综合征主要影响中年成年人的观念相矛盾，并表明运动不耐受、呼吸困难、胸痛、化学感觉障碍、淋巴结病、鼻炎和食欲减退可能使新冠后综合征与大流行、年龄和学业相关压力的一般症状区分开来。这些发现也与先前关于女性更容易患这种病毒后综合征的报告一致。基于大规模人群的研究对于识别年轻人以及更多样化人群中新冠后综合征的严重程度和特征至关重要。