Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco.
Dermatitis. 2021;32(4):232-244. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000675.
Mercapto compounds are a category of rubber accelerators that may cause allergic contact dermatitis. This study characterizes patch test reactions to mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and mercapto mix (MM) in a large North American population.
The 1994-2016 North American Contact Dermatitis Group screening series data were analyzed. Patients with allergic reactions to either MBT or MM (mercapto+) were included. The following characteristics were analyzed: strength of reaction, clinical and occupational relevance, coreactivity with other rubber accelerators, and sources of exposure.
A total of 49,795 patients were tested to mercapto compounds from 1994 to 2016; 633 (1.3%) had positive reactions to MBT and/or MM. The frequency to both MBT and MM significantly decreased over time (P < 0.0001). Mercapto+ patients were significantly more likely to be male, have occupationally related skin disease, and report involvement of the hands and/or feet (P < 0.0001). They were significantly less likely to have face, scalp/ears/neck, or trunk involvement (P ≤ 0.0001). There was significant coreactivity with carba mix (23.4%) and thiuram mix (32.5%). Mercaptobenzothiazole and MM reactions were frequently clinically (81.7% and 83.5%, respectively) and occupationally relevant (29.8% and 33.4%, respectively). Gloves were the most common source (31.3% and 30.9%, respectively).
Patch test positivity to mercapto compounds significantly decreased from 1994 to 2016 but remains clinically and occupationally relevant.
巯基化合物是一类可能引起过敏性接触性皮炎的橡胶促进剂。本研究对大量北美人群中苯并噻唑基硫（MBT）和混合巯基（MM）的斑贴试验反应进行了特征描述。
分析了 1994-2016 年北美接触性皮炎组的筛查系列数据。纳入对 MBT 或 MM（巯基+）有过敏反应的患者。分析了以下特征：反应强度、临床和职业相关性、与其他橡胶促进剂的共同反应性以及暴露源。
1994 年至 2016 年，共有 49795 名患者接受了巯基化合物斑贴试验；633 名（1.3%）对 MBT 和/或 MM 有阳性反应。MBT 和 MM 的阳性率随着时间的推移显著下降（P<0.0001）。巯基+患者更有可能是男性、职业相关皮肤病，且报告手部和/或足部受累（P<0.0001）。他们面部、头皮/耳朵/颈部或躯干受累的可能性明显较小（P≤0.0001）。与卡巴混合物（23.4%）和硫脲混合物（32.5%）有显著的共同反应性。MBT 和 MM 的反应在临床上（分别为 81.7%和 83.5%）和职业上（分别为 29.8%和 33.4%）都很常见。手套是最常见的来源（分别为 31.3%和 30.9%）。
从 1994 年到 2016 年，对巯基化合物的斑贴试验阳性率显著下降，但仍具有临床和职业相关性。
