Fertala Andrzej
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Curtis Building, Room 501, 1015 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2020 Dec 2;7(4):155. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering7040155.
Collagens provide the building blocks for diverse tissues and organs. Furthermore, these proteins act as signaling molecules that control cell behavior during organ development, growth, and repair. Their long half-life, mechanical strength, ability to assemble into fibrils and networks, biocompatibility, and abundance from readily available discarded animal tissues make collagens an attractive material in biomedicine, drug and food industries, and cosmetic products. About three decades ago, pioneering experiments led to recombinant human collagens' expression, thereby initiating studies on the potential use of these proteins as substitutes for the animal-derived collagens. Since then, scientists have utilized various systems to produce native-like recombinant collagens and their fragments. They also tested these collagens as materials to repair tissues, deliver drugs, and serve as therapeutics. Although many tests demonstrated that recombinant collagens perform as well as their native counterparts, the recombinant collagen technology has not yet been adopted by the biomedical, pharmaceutical, or food industry. This paper highlights recent technologies to produce and utilize recombinant collagens, and it contemplates their prospects and limitations.
胶原蛋白为各种组织和器官提供构建基础。此外，这些蛋白质还作为信号分子，在器官发育、生长和修复过程中控制细胞行为。它们的半衰期长、机械强度高、能够组装成纤维和网络、具有生物相容性，且可从容易获得的废弃动物组织中大量获取，这些特性使得胶原蛋白在生物医学、制药和食品工业以及化妆品中成为一种有吸引力的材料。大约三十年前，开创性的实验实现了重组人胶原蛋白的表达，从而开启了对这些蛋白质作为动物源胶原蛋白替代品潜在用途的研究。从那时起，科学家们利用各种系统来生产天然样的重组胶原蛋白及其片段。他们还将这些胶原蛋白作为修复组织、递送药物和用作治疗剂的材料进行了测试。尽管许多测试表明重组胶原蛋白的性能与天然胶原蛋白相当，但重组胶原蛋白技术尚未被生物医学、制药或食品行业采用。本文重点介绍了生产和利用重组胶原蛋白的最新技术，并对其前景和局限性进行了思考。
