Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2021 Sep;33(9):2587-2592. doi: 10.1007/s40520-020-01758-y. Epub 2020 Dec 6.
Cognitive reserve (CR) is known to reduce or even protect against the negative effects of aging on cognitive functioning. Nonetheless, little is known about how CR influences the relationship between different cognitive abilities and age in the old-old. The goal of the present study was, therefore, to test the hypothesis whether, in the old-old, CR still modifies the relationship between age and cognitive functioning. Eighty-three adults (aged 71-94) without mild cognitive impairment or dementia residing in residential care facilities completed a detailed neuropsychological test battery. CR was estimated using a combination of educational attainment and an estimation of verbal intelligence. Moderation analyses revealed a significant effect for fluency and a trend for flexibility, showing that the negative relationship between age and cognitive performance is reduced as the level of CR increases. These results demonstrate that CR still influences the relationship between age and executive functions in adults of advanced age.
认知储备（CR）被认为可以减轻甚至预防衰老对认知功能的负面影响。然而，对于 CR 如何影响老年人群中不同认知能力与年龄之间的关系，我们知之甚少。因此，本研究的目的是检验以下假设：在高龄人群中，CR 是否仍然可以调节年龄与认知功能之间的关系。83 名没有轻度认知障碍或痴呆症的成年人（年龄在 71-94 岁之间）居住在养老院，完成了详细的神经心理学测试。CR 是通过教育程度和言语智力评估的组合来估计的。调节分析显示流畅性有显著影响，灵活性有趋势，表明随着 CR 水平的提高，年龄与认知表现之间的负相关关系会减弱。这些结果表明，CR 仍然会影响高龄人群中执行功能与年龄之间的关系。
