Immunoallergology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Immunology and Cellular Therapy, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2021 Jan;17(1):63-71. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2020.1860755. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
: Bronchial asthma (BA) is a chronic airways inflammatory disease. Based on the biological mechanisms that underline the disease, asthma has been classified as type 2 or non-type 2 phenotype.: An emerging role has been identified for group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) able to produce the classical type 2 cytokines. The role of Th2 cells and IL-4 is crucial in the pathogenesis of allergic BA as supported by asthma models. IL-13, shares many biological functions with IL-4 such as induction of IgE synthesis and regulation of eosinophil trafficking. However, IL-13 does not induce Th2 cell differentiation. The Authors reviewed evidence on the new concept of type 2 inflammation and the cellular and molecular network behind this process. Literature data in the PubMed were analyzed for peer-reviewed articles published until September 2020.: The current trend is to consider Th2- and ILC2-driven pathways as two separate pathogenic mechanisms, recent data underscore that adaptive Th2- and innate cell responses represent two integrated systems in the production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 leading to the current 'concept' of type 2 inflammation. This review highlights the role of Th2 cells and ILC2 in the recent new concept of type 2 inflammation.
支气管哮喘（BA）是一种慢性气道炎症性疾病。基于疾病潜在的生物学机制，哮喘已被分为 2 型或非 2 型表型。人们发现 2 类固有淋巴细胞（ILC2）能够产生经典的 2 型细胞因子，其在哮喘中的作用正在不断显现。支持变应性 BA 发病机制的 Th2 细胞和 IL-4 的作用至关重要。IL-13 与 IL-4 具有许多生物学功能，如诱导 IgE 合成和调节嗜酸性粒细胞的迁移。然而，IL-13 不会诱导 Th2 细胞分化。作者综述了 2 型炎症的新概念及其背后的细胞和分子网络的证据。分析了截至 2020 年 9 月在 PubMed 上发表的同行评议文章的文献数据。目前的趋势是将 Th2 和 ILC2 驱动的途径视为两种独立的发病机制，最近的数据强调了适应性 Th2 和固有细胞反应在产生 IL-4、IL-5 和 IL-13 方面代表了两个集成系统，从而产生了当前 2 型炎症的 概念。这篇综述强调了 Th2 细胞和 ILC2 在最近的 2 型炎症新概念中的作用。
