School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation, et l'Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Trends Plant Sci. 2021 Apr;26(4):352-374. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.11.006. Epub 2020 Dec 3.
Sugars and nitrate play a major role in providing carbon and nitrogen in plants. Understanding how plants sense these nutrients is crucial, most notably for crop improvement. The mechanisms underlying sugar and nitrate sensing are complex and involve moonlighting proteins such as the nitrate transporter NRT1.1/NFP6.3 or the glycolytic enzyme HXK1. Major components of nutrient signaling, such as SnRK1, TOR, and HXK1, are relatively well conserved across eukaryotes, and the diversification of components such as the NRT1 family and the SWEET sugar transporters correlates with plant terrestrialization. In plants, Tre6P plays a hormone-like role in plant development. In addition, nutrient signaling has evolved to interact with the more recent hormone signaling, allowing fine-tuning of physiological and developmental responses.
糖和硝酸盐在为植物提供碳和氮方面起着重要作用。了解植物如何感知这些养分至关重要，特别是对于作物改良。糖和硝酸盐感应的机制很复杂，涉及到 moonlighting 蛋白，如硝酸盐转运蛋白 NRT1.1/NFP6.3 或糖酵解酶 HXK1。营养信号的主要成分，如 SnRK1、TOR 和 HXK1，在真核生物中相对保守，而 NRT1 家族和 SWEET 糖转运蛋白等成分的多样化与植物的陆地化有关。在植物中，Tre6P 在植物发育中起着类似激素的作用。此外，营养信号已经进化到与最近的激素信号相互作用，从而可以精细调节生理和发育反应。
