Sung Kim Hei, Yosipovitch Gil
Dr. Kim is with the Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery at Miami Itch Center, Miller School of Medicine at University of Miami in Miami, Florida, the Department of Dermatology at Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea in Seoul, Korea, and the Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, at The Catholic University of Korea in Seoul, Korea.
Dr. Yosipovitch is with the Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery at Miami Itch Center, Miller School of Medicine at the University of Miami in Miami, Florida.
J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2020 Jun;13(6 Suppl):S39-S46. Epub 2020 Jun 1.
Itch is an unpleasant sensation that emanates primarily from the skin. The chemical mediators that drive neuronal activity originate from a complex interaction between keratinocytes, inflammatory cells, nerve endings, and the skin microbiota, relaying itch signals to the brain. Stress also exacerbates itch via the skin-brain axis. Recently, the microbiota has surfaced as a major player to regulate this axis, notably during stress settings aroused by actual or perceived homeostatic challenge. The routes of communication between the microbiota and brain are slowly being unraveled and involve neurochemicals (i.e., acetylcholine, histamine, catecholamines, and corticotropin) that originate from the microbiota itself. By focusing on itch biology and by referring to the more established field of pain research, this review examines the possible means by which the skin microbiota contributes to itch.
瘙痒是一种主要源自皮肤的不适感。驱动神经元活动的化学介质源于角质形成细胞、炎症细胞、神经末梢和皮肤微生物群之间的复杂相互作用，将瘙痒信号传递至大脑。压力也会通过皮肤-脑轴加剧瘙痒。最近，微生物群已成为调节该轴的主要因素，尤其是在由实际或感知到的内稳态挑战引起的压力环境中。微生物群与大脑之间的通信途径正逐渐被揭示，涉及源自微生物群本身的神经化学物质（即乙酰胆碱、组胺、儿茶酚胺和促肾上腺皮质激素）。通过关注瘙痒生物学并参考更成熟的疼痛研究领域，本综述探讨了皮肤微生物群导致瘙痒的可能方式。
