Borrel Valérie, Thomas Pauline, Catovic Chloé, Racine Pierre-Jean, Konto-Ghiorghi Yoan, Lefeuvre Luc, Duclairoir-Poc Cécile, Zouboulis Christos C, Feuilloley Marc G J
Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France.
R&D Uriage Dermatological Laboratory, Neuilly sur Seine, France.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2019 Jul 10;6:155. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00155. eCollection 2019.
(former ), is a bacterium characterized by high genomic variability, consisting of four subtypes and six major ribotypes. Skin is the largest neuroendocrine organ of the human body and many cutaneous hormones and neurohormones can modulate acterial physiology. Here, we investigated the effect of catecholamines, i.e., epinephrine and norepinephrine, on two representative strains of , of which the genome has been fully sequenced, identified as RT4 acneic and RT6 non-acneic strains. Epinephrine and norepinephrine (10 M) had no impact on the growth of but epinephrine increased RT4 and RT6 biofilm formation, as measured by crystal violet staining, whereas norepinephrine was only active on the RT4 strain. We obtained the same results by confocal microscopy with the RT4 strain, whereas there was no effect of either catecholamine on the RT6 strain. However, this strain was also sensitive to catecholamines, as shown by MATs tests, as epinephrine and norepinephrine affected its surface polarity. Flow cytometry studies revealed that epinephrine and norepinephrine are unable to induce major changes of bacterial surface properties and membrane integrity. Exposure of sebocytes to control or catecholamine-treated bacteria showed epinephrine and norepinephrine to have no effect on the cytotoxic or inflammatory potential of either strains but to stimulate their effect on sebocyte lipid synthesis. Uriage thermal spring water was previously shown to inhibit biofilm production by . We thus tested its effect after exposure of the bacteria to epinephrine and norepinephrine. The effect of the thermal water on the response of to catecholamines depended on the surface on which the biofilm was grown. Finally, an study revealed the presence of a protein in the genome of that shows homology with the catecholamine receptor of and eukaryotes. This study suggests that may play a role as a relay between stress mediators (catecholamines) and acne.
（以前称为 ）是一种以高基因组变异性为特征的细菌，由四种亚型和六种主要核糖型组成。皮肤是人体最大的神经内分泌器官，许多皮肤激素和神经激素可以调节细菌生理。在此，我们研究了儿茶酚胺，即肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素，对两种代表性菌株的影响，这两种菌株的基因组已完全测序，分别鉴定为RT4痤疮菌株和RT6非痤疮菌株。肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素（10 μM）对 的生长没有影响，但通过结晶紫染色测量，肾上腺素增加了RT4和RT6生物膜的形成，而去甲肾上腺素仅对RT4菌株有活性。通过共聚焦显微镜对RT4菌株进行观察，我们得到了相同的结果，而两种儿茶酚胺对RT6菌株均无影响。然而，如MATs试验所示，该菌株对儿茶酚胺也敏感，因为肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素影响其表面极性。流式细胞术研究表明，肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素无法诱导细菌表面性质和膜完整性的重大变化。将皮脂腺细胞暴露于对照或儿茶酚胺处理的细菌中，结果显示肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素对两种 菌株的细胞毒性或炎症潜能均无影响，但能刺激它们对皮脂腺细胞脂质合成的作用。先前已证明优瑞雅温泉水可抑制 的生物膜产生。因此，我们在细菌暴露于肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素后测试了其效果。温泉水对 对儿茶酚胺反应的影响取决于生物膜生长的表面。最后，一项 研究揭示了 在基因组中存在一种与 和真核生物的儿茶酚胺受体具有同源性的蛋白质。这项研究表明， 可能在应激介质（儿茶酚胺）和痤疮之间起到传递作用。
