Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2021 Aug 31;36(6):897-907. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acaa112.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors associated with cognitive decline. We investigated the relationship between MetS and cognition in middle-aged adults. We hypothesized that higher numbers of MetS components will relate to poorer performance on executive function (EF) tasks as frontal lobe regions critical to EF are particularly vulnerable to cardiovascular disease.
197 adults (ages 40-60) participated. MetS was evaluated using established criteria. Composite scores for cognitive domains were computed as follows: Global cognitive function (subtests from the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, 2nd Edition), EF (Stroop Color Word, Digit Span Backward, and Trails A and B), and memory (California Verbal Learning Test, 2 Edition).
Higher number of MetS components was related to weaker EF-F(4, 191) = 3.94, p = .004, MetS components ß = -.14, p = .044. A similar relationship was detected for tests of memory-F(4, 192) = 7.86, p < .001, MetS components ß = -.15, p = .032. Diagnosis of MetS was not significantly associated with EF domain score (ß = -.05, p = .506) but was significantly associated with memory scores-F(4, 189) = 8.81, p < .001, MetS diagnosis ß = -.19, p = .006.
Our findings support prior research linking MetS components at midlife to executive dysfunction and demonstrate that MetS, and its components are also associated with poorer memory function. This suggests that cognitive vulnerability can be detected at midlife. Interventions for MetS at midlife could alter cognitive outcomes.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一组与认知能力下降相关的心血管危险因素。我们研究了中年人群中代谢综合征与认知之间的关系。我们假设，更多的代谢综合征成分与执行功能（EF）任务表现较差有关，因为额叶区域对心血管疾病特别敏感。
197 名成年人（年龄 40-60 岁）参与了研究。使用既定标准评估代谢综合征。计算认知领域的综合评分如下：整体认知功能（韦氏简明智力量表第二版的子测验）、EF（Stroop 颜色词、数字倒背、Trails A 和 B）和记忆（加利福尼亚语言学习测试，第二版）。
更多的代谢综合征成分与较弱的 EF 相关（F(4, 191) = 3.94, p =.004，代谢综合征成分 ß = -0.14, p =.044）。在记忆测试中也检测到类似的关系（F(4, 192) = 7.86, p <.001，代谢综合征成分 ß = -0.15, p =.032）。代谢综合征的诊断与 EF 域评分无显著相关性（ß = -0.05, p =.506），但与记忆评分显著相关（F(4, 189) = 8.81, p <.001，代谢综合征诊断 ß = -0.19, p =.006）。
我们的研究结果支持了先前的研究，即中年时的代谢综合征成分与执行功能障碍有关，并表明代谢综合征及其成分也与较差的记忆功能有关。这表明认知脆弱性可以在中年时被检测到。中年时对代谢综合征的干预可能会改变认知结果。
