Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.
Neurochem Int. 2021 Feb;143:104928. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104928. Epub 2020 Dec 4.
Cognitive abilities are compromised with advancing age posing a great risk for the development of dementia and other related brain disorders. Genetic susceptibility as well as environmental exposures determine the fate of cognitive aging and its transition to pathological states. Emerging epidemiological and observational studies have revealed the importance of lifestyle factors including dietary patterns and nutritional intake in the maintenance of cognitive health and reducing the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. In this context, nutraceutical interventions have gained considerable attention in preventing age-related cognitive deficits and counteracting pathological processes. Nutraceuticals include dietary plants and derivatives, food supplements and processed foods with nutritional and pharmaceutical values. The present review highlights the importance of nutraceuticals in attenuating cognitive aging and its progression to dementia, with specific emphasis on chemical constituents, neurocognitive properties and mechanism of action.
认知能力随着年龄的增长而下降，这极大地增加了痴呆症和其他相关脑部疾病的发病风险。遗传易感性以及环境暴露决定了认知老化的命运及其向病理性状态的转变。新兴的流行病学和观察性研究揭示了生活方式因素（包括饮食模式和营养摄入）在维持认知健康和降低神经退行性疾病风险方面的重要性。在这方面，营养保健品干预措施在预防与年龄相关的认知缺陷和对抗病理性过程方面引起了相当大的关注。营养保健品包括膳食植物及其衍生物、食品补充剂和具有营养和药用价值的加工食品。本综述强调了营养保健品在减轻认知老化及其向痴呆发展方面的重要性，特别强调了其化学成分、神经认知特性和作用机制。
