Institute of Virology Muenster, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 5;21(23):9289. doi: 10.3390/ijms21239289.
Medical research is changing into direction of precision therapy, thus, sophisticated preclinical models are urgently needed. In human pathogenic virus research, the major technical hurdle is not only to translate discoveries from animals to treatments of humans, but also to overcome the problem of interspecies differences with regard to productive infections and comparable disease development. Transgenic mice provide a basis for research of disease pathogenesis after infection with human-specific viruses. Today, humanized mice can be found at the very heart of this forefront of medical research allowing for recapitulation of disease pathogenesis and drug mechanisms in humans. This review discusses progress in the development and use of transgenic mice for the study of virus-induced human diseases towards identification of new drug innovations to treat and control human pathogenic infectious diseases.
医学研究正在朝着精准治疗的方向发展，因此迫切需要复杂的临床前模型。在人类致病病毒研究中，主要的技术障碍不仅是将动物研究的发现转化为人类的治疗方法，还需要克服种间差异对生产性感染和可比疾病发展的影响。转基因小鼠为研究人类特异性病毒感染后的疾病发病机制提供了基础。如今，人类化小鼠处于这一医学研究的最前沿，能够重现人类疾病的发病机制和药物作用机制。本文综述了为研究病毒引起的人类疾病而开发和使用转基因小鼠的进展，以确定治疗和控制人类致病传染病的新药物创新。
