UMR-T 1158, BioEcoAgro, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
Nutrition and Health Research & Development, Roquette, F-62136 Lestrem, France.
Nutrients. 2020 Dec 5;12(12):3746. doi: 10.3390/nu12123746.
The gastrointestinal digestion of food proteins can generate peptides with a wide range of biological activities. In this study, we screened various potential bioactivities generated by plant-based proteins. Whey protein as an animal protein reference, five grades of pea protein, two grades of wheat protein, and potato, fava bean, and oat proteins were submitted to in vitro SGID. They were then tested in vitro for several bioactivities including measures on: (1) energy homeostasis through their ability to modulate intestinal hormone secretion, to inhibit DPP-IV activity, and to interact with opioid receptors; (2) anti-hypertensive properties through their ability to inhibit ACE activity; (3) anti-inflammatory properties in Caco-2 cells; (4) antioxidant properties through their ability to inhibit production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein intestinal digestions were able to stimulate intestinal hormone secretion by enteroendocrine cells, to inhibit DPP-IV and ACE activities, to bind opioid receptors, and surprisingly, to decrease production of ROS. Neither pro- nor anti-inflammatory effects have been highlighted and some proteins lost their pro-inflammatory potential after digestion. The best candidates were pea, potato, and fava bean proteins.
食物蛋白质在胃肠道消化过程中会产生具有广泛生物活性的肽。在本研究中，我们筛选了各种潜在的具有生物活性的植物蛋白。以乳清蛋白作为动物蛋白的参考，我们分别对 5 个等级的豌豆蛋白、2 个等级的小麦蛋白以及土豆蛋白、蚕豆蛋白和燕麦蛋白进行体外 SGID 分析。然后，我们在体外对它们的多种生物活性进行了测试，包括：（1）通过调节肠道激素分泌、抑制 DPP-IV 活性和与阿片受体相互作用来维持能量平衡的能力；（2）通过抑制 ACE 活性来发挥抗高血压特性的能力；（3）在 Caco-2 细胞中的抗炎特性；（4）通过抑制活性氧（ROS）产生的能力来发挥抗氧化特性。蛋白质的肠道消化能够刺激肠内分泌细胞分泌肠道激素，抑制 DPP-IV 和 ACE 活性，结合阿片受体，令人惊讶的是，还能减少 ROS 的产生。既没有表现出抗炎作用，也没有表现出促炎作用，而且一些蛋白质在消化后失去了促炎潜力。豌豆蛋白、土豆蛋白和蚕豆蛋白是最佳候选者。
