School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland.
Cells. 2020 Dec 5;9(12):2617. doi: 10.3390/cells9122617.
is a leading cause of chronic respiratory infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute infections in immunocompromised individuals. The adaptability of this opportunistic pathogen has hampered the development of antimicrobial therapies, and consequently, it remains a major threat to public health. Due to its antimicrobial resistance, vaccines represent an alternative strategy to tackle the pathogen, yet despite over 50 years of research on anti- vaccines, no vaccine has been licensed. Nevertheless, there have been many advances in this field, including a better understanding of the host immune response and the biology of . Multiple antigens and adjuvants have been investigated with varying results. Although the most effective protective response remains to be established, it is clear that a polarised Th2 response is sub-optimal, and a mixed Th1/Th2 or Th1/Th17 response appears beneficial. This comprehensive review collates the current understanding of the complexities of -host interactions and its implication in vaccine design, with a view to understanding the current state of vaccine development and the direction of future efforts. It highlights the importance of the incorporation of appropriate adjuvants to the protective antigen to yield optimal protection.
是囊性纤维化 (CF)、支气管扩张或慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD) 患者慢性呼吸道感染以及免疫功能低下个体急性感染的主要原因。这种机会性病原体的适应性阻碍了抗菌治疗的发展，因此仍然对公共健康构成重大威胁。由于其具有抗药性，疫苗是对抗病原体的一种替代策略，但尽管针对疫苗的研究已经超过 50 年，仍没有一种疫苗获得许可。然而，在这一领域已经取得了许多进展，包括对宿主免疫反应和 的生物学有了更好的理解。已经研究了多种抗原和佐剂，但结果各不相同。尽管最有效的保护反应尚待确定，但很明显，偏极化的 Th2 反应并不理想，而混合的 Th1/Th2 或 Th1/Th17 反应似乎更有益。这篇全面的综述汇集了目前对 -宿主相互作用的复杂性及其对疫苗设计的影响的理解，旨在了解目前 的疫苗开发状况和未来努力的方向。它强调了将适当的佐剂与保护性抗原结合以产生最佳保护的重要性。
