Ji Mengzhi, Liu Zichen, Sun Kaili, Li Zhongfang, Fan Xiangyu, Li Qiang
School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China.
College of Food and Bioengineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou, 542899 China.
Front Environ Sci Eng. 2021;15(5):84. doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1378-y. Epub 2020 Dec 5.
Wastewater is a breeding ground for many pathogens, which may pose a threat to human health through various water transmission pathways. Therefore, a simple and effective method is urgently required to monitor and treat wastewater. As bacterial viruses, bacteriophages (phages) are the most widely distributed and abundant organisms in the biosphere. Owing to their capacity to specifically infect bacterial hosts, they have recently been used as novel tools in water pollution control. The purpose of this review is to summarize and evaluate the roles of phages in monitoring pathogens, tracking pollution sources, treating pathogenic bacteria, infecting bloom-forming cyanobacteria, and controlling bulking sludge and biofilm pollution in wastewater treatment systems. We also discuss the limitations of phage usage in water pollution control, including phage-mediated horizontal gene transfer, the evolution of bacterial resistance, and phage concentration decrease. This review provides an integrated outlook on the use of phages in water pollution control.
废水是许多病原体的滋生地，这些病原体可能通过各种水传播途径对人类健康构成威胁。因此，迫切需要一种简单有效的方法来监测和处理废水。作为细菌病毒，噬菌体是生物圈中分布最广、数量最多的生物体。由于它们能够特异性感染细菌宿主，最近它们被用作水污染控制的新型工具。这篇综述的目的是总结和评估噬菌体在监测病原体、追踪污染源、处理病原菌、感染形成水华的蓝藻以及控制废水处理系统中的污泥膨胀和生物膜污染方面的作用。我们还讨论了噬菌体在水污染控制中使用的局限性，包括噬菌体介导的水平基因转移、细菌抗性的演变以及噬菌体浓度降低。这篇综述提供了关于噬菌体在水污染控制中应用的综合观点。
