Lai Xiaoquan, Zhou Qian, Zhang Xinping, Tan Li
Department of Nosocomial Infection, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province, Wuhan City, China.
School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province, Wuhan City, China.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020 Nov 30;14(11):1231-1237. doi: 10.3855/jidc.13005.
The outbreak of COVID-19 has spread worldwide. The evidence about risk factors of healthcare workers who infected COVID-19 is limited. This study aims to describe characteristics and influencing factors of the COVID-19 infection in healthcare workers.
The study was performed among COVID-19 infected and uninfected healthcare workers in three hospitals in Wuhan. A total of 325 healthcare workers participated; among them 151 COVID-19-infected healthcare workers were included. Characteristics of infected healthcare workers, and influencing factors including exposure histories, the use of protective equipment in different risk conditions and areas, perceptions, emotions, satisfactions and educations were described and analyzed.
Healthcare workers got infected clustered mostly in the physical examination center. When performing general operations on confirmed or suspected patients, the use of protective equipment including the effectiveness of masks (p < 0.001), gloves (p < 0.001); and the use of gloves (p < 0.001), suits (p < 0.001), gowns (p < 0.001), shoe covers (p < 0.001), and hats (p < 0.001) were protective factors. The use of protective equipment was a protective factor in most cases. Negative emotions and dissatisfaction to the hospital response were associated with the increased risk of infection.
The use of protective equipment, emotions and satisfactions to hospital responses are key COVID-19-infected factors. The awareness, the supply and the use of protective equipment, the layout of departments and other environmental and management factors should be strictly equipped. In addition, hospitals should also pay attention to emotions and satisfaction of healthcare workers.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情已在全球蔓延。关于医护人员感染COVID-19风险因素的证据有限。本研究旨在描述医护人员感染COVID-19的特征及影响因素。
本研究在武汉三家医院的COVID-19感染和未感染医护人员中进行。共有325名医护人员参与；其中包括151名感染COVID-19的医护人员。对感染医护人员的特征以及包括接触史、在不同风险条件和区域使用防护设备、认知、情绪、满意度和培训等影响因素进行了描述和分析。
医护人员感染主要集中在体检中心。在对确诊或疑似患者进行一般操作时，防护设备的使用包括口罩的有效性（p<0.001）、手套的有效性（p<0.001）；以及手套的使用（p<0.001）、防护服的使用（p<0.001）、隔离衣的使用（p<0.001）、鞋套的使用（p<0.001）和帽子的使用（p<0.001）均为保护因素。在大多数情况下，防护设备的使用是一个保护因素。负面情绪以及对医院应对措施的不满与感染风险增加有关。
防护设备的使用、情绪以及对医院应对措施的满意度是感染COVID-19的关键因素。应严格配备防护设备的认知、供应和使用、科室布局及其他环境和管理因素。此外，医院还应关注医护人员的情绪和满意度。
