Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, ShaanXi, 710069, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jan;263:128099. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128099. Epub 2020 Aug 26.
Antibiotic accumulation in soil and plants is an escalating problem in agriculture and is receiving increasing attention. However, the effect of plant species on the fate of different types of antibiotics in a soil-vegetable system and soil resistome has not been adequately explored. To this end, greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to simulate contamination by ciprofloxacin (CIP), oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), and tylosin (TY) at 1 mg kg in the soils in which cabbage, endive, and spinach were grown. We investigated antibiotic persistence in soils and accumulation in vegetables (i.e., spinach, endive, and cabbage), microbial community profiles, and the abundance of 17 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in contaminated soils. After 40 days, the residues of CIP and OTC in soil and their accumulation in vegetables were significantly higher than those of SMZ and TY. Of all vegetables, spinach had the highest antibiotic accumulation. Further, antibiotic contamination had no significant effect on soil microbial abundance; however, soil microbial diversity significantly decreased in soils amended with TY. The antibiotic type more significantly affected microbial composition than the kind of vegetable species. The relative abundances of some ARGs significantly increased in contaminated soils. Particularly, in endive soil, quinolone-associated cmlA, cmlA2, and qnrS1 increased with CIP contamination, OTC contamination increased tetG2 and otrA, SMZ increased sul1, and TY increased macrolide-related carB and msrc-01 relative abundance. However, some individual ARGs declined upon antibiotic contamination. Our results indicated that antibiotic type and vegetable species jointly shape the profiles of soil microorganisms and ARGs.
抗生素在土壤和植物中的积累是农业中一个日益严重的问题，正受到越来越多的关注。然而，植物物种对不同类型抗生素在土壤-蔬菜系统和土壤抗药性中的命运的影响尚未得到充分探讨。为此，进行了温室盆栽实验，以模拟在种植白菜、菊苣和菠菜的土壤中 1mg/kg 的环丙沙星（CIP）、土霉素（OTC）、磺胺甲恶唑（SMZ）和泰乐菌素（TY）的污染。我们研究了抗生素在土壤中的持久性和在蔬菜（即菠菜、菊苣和白菜）中的积累、微生物群落特征以及污染土壤中 17 种抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的丰度。40 天后，CIP 和 OTC 在土壤中的残留及其在蔬菜中的积累明显高于 SMZ 和 TY。在所有蔬菜中，菠菜的抗生素积累最高。此外，抗生素污染对土壤微生物丰度没有显著影响；然而，添加 TY 会显著降低土壤微生物多样性。抗生素类型比蔬菜种类更能显著影响微生物组成。一些 ARGs 的相对丰度在污染土壤中显著增加。特别是在菊苣土壤中，与喹诺酮相关的 cmlA、cmlA2 和 qnrS1 随着 CIP 污染而增加，OTC 污染增加了 tetG2 和 otrA，SMZ 增加了 sul1，而 TY 增加了大环内酯相关的 carB 和 msrc-01 的相对丰度。然而，一些个别 ARGs 在抗生素污染后下降。我们的结果表明，抗生素类型和蔬菜种类共同塑造了土壤微生物和 ARGs 的特征。
