2019年埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷塔博尔专科医院抗逆转录病毒治疗门诊的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中肺结核的发病率及相关因素
Magnitude and Associated Factors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic at Debre Tabor Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.
作者信息
Kiros Teklehaimanot, Dejen Eninur, Tiruneh Mulu, Tiruneh Tegenaw, Eyayu Tahir, Damtie Shewaneh, Amogne Kefyalew
机构信息
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
出版信息
HIV AIDS (Auckl). 2020 Dec 3;12:849-858. doi: 10.2147/HIV.S282616. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Tuberculosis (TB) has remained as a top global public health concern of the 21st century. It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide.
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to investigate the magnitude of pulmonary tuberculosis and its associated factors among HIV-positive patients attending antiretroviral treatment (ART) clinic in Debre Tabor specialized hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia.
METHODS
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 362 HIV-positive adult participants attending the ART clinic from October 1st to December 30th 2019. Socio-demographic data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Sputum was collected aseptically into a sterile and leak-proof container. Following aseptic techniques, each sample was processed using the GeneXpert assay based on the manufacturer's instructions. Similarly, about 3-5 mL of whole blood was drawn for CD4+ T-cell count and plasma viral load tests following standard blood collection procedures. CD4+ T-cell count was performed using the BD FACS caliber flow cytometry while the plasma viral load was performed by using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Then, collected data were double-checked, cleaned and entered into Epi-Info version 7.2.0.1 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for further statistical analysis. The bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to address risk factor analysis. The 95%confidence interval with its corresponding cure and adjusted odds ratio was computed. Finally, p-value ≤0.05 was considered as a statistically significant association.
RESULTS
In this study, the overall prevalence of tuberculosis among HIV-positive patients was 18 [(5%), 95% CI: 2.8-7.5]. A high viral load (≥1000 copies/mL) was positively associated [AOR (95% CI: 6.4 (1.6-25.7)), p < 0.001] with developing tuberculosis among HIV-positive patients.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of TB is low among ART-receiving patients in our study site.
背景
结核病仍然是21世纪全球首要的公共卫生问题。它是全球感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）人群发病和死亡的主要原因。
目的
本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷塔博尔专科医院接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）门诊的HIV阳性患者中肺结核的流行程度及其相关因素。
方法
2019年10月1日至12月30日，在362名到ART门诊就诊的HIV阳性成年参与者中开展了一项基于医院的横断面研究。使用预先测试的问卷收集社会人口学数据。将痰液无菌采集到无菌且防漏的容器中。按照无菌技术，根据制造商的说明，使用GeneXpert检测法对每个样本进行处理。同样，按照标准采血程序抽取约3-5毫升全血用于CD4+T细胞计数和血浆病毒载量检测。使用BD FACS caliber流式细胞仪进行CD4+T细胞计数，使用定量实时聚合酶链反应进行血浆病毒载量检测。然后，对收集到的数据进行二次检查、清理，并录入Epi-Info 7.2.0.1版本，导出到SPSS 20.0版本进行进一步统计分析。进行二元和多因素逻辑回归以进行危险因素分析。计算95%置信区间及其相应的治愈率和调整比值比。最后，p值≤0.05被视为具有统计学意义的关联。
结果
在本研究中，HIV阳性患者中结核病的总体患病率为18例（5%），95%置信区间：2.8-7.5。高病毒载量（≥1000拷贝/毫升）与HIV阳性患者患结核病呈正相关[AOR（95%置信区间：6.4（1.6-25.7）），p<0.001]。
结论
在我们的研究地点，接受ART治疗的患者中结核病患病率较低。
Zotero 插件