德布雷塔博尔综合医院牙科门诊患者龋齿患病率及其相关因素评估：一项基于医院的横断面研究。
Assessment of prevalence of dental caries and the associated factors among patients attending dental clinic in Debre Tabor general hospital: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Tafere Yilkal, Chanie Selam, Dessie Tigabu, Gedamu Haileyesus
机构信息
Department of Public health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, Debre Tabor General hospital, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2018 Jul 4;18(1):119. doi: 10.1186/s12903-018-0581-8.
BACKGROUND
Dental caries is the most common dental health problem caused by the interaction of bacteria on tooth enamel. Risk factors for dental caries include salivary composition and inadequate fluoride. However, other factors, such as standard of living, behavior, hygiene, eating habits, social status and socio-demographic factors, also contribute to the evolution of caries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among patients attending the dental clinic in Debre Tabor General Hospital in North West Ethiopia.
METHOD
An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 systematically selected patients attending Debre Tabor General Hospital dental clinic from May 8-20, 2017. The data were collected using pre-tested questionnaire and oral examination by a qualified dental professional. Basic hygienic procedures were observed during an oral examination. The teeth were examined for dental caries by the presence of decay, missing and filled teeth. The data were entered into Epi-Info version 3.5 and cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive summary of the data and logistic regression were used to identify possible predictors using odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value of 0.05.
RESULTS
A total of 280 subjects participated in the study; among whom 129 (46.1%) were female and nearly two-thirds of the respondents 208 (74.3%) attended formal education. The study revealed k8that the overall prevalence of dental caries was 78.2%. Dental caries was lower among respondents who had good oral hygiene status (AOR = 0.05, 95% CI, 0.02, 0.81). Dental caries was higher among participants who earned less than 5000 Eth Birr per month (AOR = 8.43, 95% CI, 2.6, 27.2). Dental caries was lower among respondents who had good knowledge (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI, 0.03, 0.64).
CONCLUSIONS
Prevalence of dental caries was high and found public health problem. Socioeconomic status, educational level, and poor oral hygiene practices were associated factors for dental caries. Health promotion about oral hygiene and integration of services are supremely important for the prevention of the problem of dental caries.
背景
龋齿是由细菌与牙釉质相互作用引起的最常见的牙齿健康问题。龋齿的风险因素包括唾液成分和氟化物摄入不足。然而，其他因素，如生活水平、行为、卫生习惯、饮食习惯、社会地位和社会人口统计学因素，也会影响龋齿的发展。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷塔博尔综合医院牙科诊所患者的龋齿患病率及相关因素。
方法
2017年5月8日至20日，对德布雷塔博尔综合医院牙科诊所系统选取的280名患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。数据通过预先测试的问卷收集，并由合格的牙科专业人员进行口腔检查。口腔检查过程中观察基本卫生程序。通过龋齿、缺失牙和补牙情况检查牙齿是否患有龋齿。数据录入Epi-Info 3.5版本，并使用SPSS 20版本进行清理和分析。使用数据的描述性总结和逻辑回归，以比值比、95%置信区间和P值为0.05来确定可能的预测因素。
结果
共有280名受试者参与了该研究；其中129名（46.1%）为女性，近三分之二的受访者208名（74.3%）接受过正规教育。研究显示，龋齿的总体患病率为78.2%。口腔卫生状况良好的受访者龋齿患病率较低（比值比=0.05，95%置信区间，0.02，0.81）。月收入低于5000埃塞俄比亚比尔的参与者龋齿患病率较高（比值比=8.43，95%置信区间，2.6，27.2）。知识水平良好的受访者龋齿患病率较低（比值比=0.51，95%置信区间，0.03，0.64）。
结论
龋齿患病率较高，是一个公共卫生问题。社会经济地位、教育水平和不良的口腔卫生习惯是龋齿的相关因素。关于口腔卫生的健康促进和服务整合对于预防龋齿问题极为重要。
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