von Dawans Bernadette, Strojny Julia, Domes Gregor
Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Trier, Germany.
Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Trier, Germany.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Feb;121:75-88. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.026. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
Stress encompasses profound psychological and physiological changes that are observable on all levels, from cellular mechanisms, humoral changes, and brain activation to subjective experience and behavior. While the impact of stress on health has already been studied for decades, a more recent field of research has revealed effects of stress on human social cognition and behavior. Initial studies have attempted to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms of these stress-induced effects by measuring physiological responses or by using pharmacological approaches. We provide an overview of the current state of research on the effects of acute stress induction or pharmacological manipulations of stress-related neuro circuitry on social cognition and behavior. Additionally, we discuss the methodological challenges that need to be addressed in order to gain further insight into this important research topic and facilitate replicability of results. Future directions may help to disentangle the complex interplay of psychological and biological stress variables and their effects on social cognition and behavior on health and in disorders with social deficits.
压力包含深刻的心理和生理变化，这些变化在各个层面都可观察到，从细胞机制、体液变化、大脑激活到主观体验和行为。虽然压力对健康的影响已经研究了几十年，但最近一个研究领域揭示了压力对人类社会认知和行为的影响。初步研究试图通过测量生理反应或使用药理学方法来阐明这些压力诱导效应的潜在生物学机制。我们概述了急性压力诱导或与压力相关神经回路的药理学操纵对社会认知和行为影响的当前研究状况。此外，我们讨论了为了更深入了解这一重要研究课题并促进结果的可重复性而需要解决的方法学挑战。未来的方向可能有助于理清心理和生物压力变量之间的复杂相互作用及其对社会认知和行为、健康以及有社会缺陷的疾病的影响。
