Munther Shahba'a
Department of Pedodontic and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
Saudi Dent J. 2020 Dec;32(8):410-416. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.01.010. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
Early childhood caries is a multifactorial disease. Saliva plays an important role in initiation and protection against caries, and its composition is greatly affected by nutritional status. This study was conducted to determine the impact of salivary lactoperoxidase and histatin-5 on the severity of ECC in relation to nutritional status.
The sample consisted of 120 children aged 5 years, classified into eight groups: mild ECC in underweight children, mild ECC in normalweight children, moderate ECC in underweight children, moderate in ECC normal weight children, severe ECC in underweight children, severe ECC in normalweight, caries-free (control) underweight children and caries-free normalweight children. Each group consisted of 15 children. Stimulated saliva was collected. Salivary lactoperoxidase was analysed using Human LPO/ Lactoperoxidase ELISA Kit (CLIA)-LS-F29892, and salivary histatin-5 was analysed using Human Histatin-5 ELISA Kit MBS705083_48T.
Lactoperoxidase and histatin-5 concentrations were significantly higher in caries-free children than in children with ECC, and they were higher in children with mild ECC than in children with moderate ECC or in children with severe ECC. They were significantly higher among children with normal weight than among those who were underweight (p < 0.01). ECC and nutritional status recorded non-significant interactions with both LPO and HST-5 (p > 0.01), but there was significant interaction between these two variables and LPO and HST-5 together (p < 0.01). The Pearson's correlation coefficient test recorded significant negative correlations between ECC severity and both salivary lactoperoxidase and histatin-5 among the eight study groups, whereas significant positive correlations were recorded between BMI values and both salivary lactoperoxidase and histatin-5 among the eight study groups.
Salivary lactoperoxidase and histatin-5 may be affected by nutritional status, and these two parameters may play an important role in caries prevention at high concentrations. There is interaction between these two parameters and ECC severity and nutrition.
幼儿龋齿是一种多因素疾病。唾液在龋齿的发生和预防中起着重要作用，其成分受营养状况的影响很大。本研究旨在确定唾液乳过氧化物酶和富组蛋白-5对与营养状况相关的幼儿龋齿严重程度的影响。
样本包括120名5岁儿童，分为八组：体重不足儿童的轻度幼儿龋齿、正常体重儿童的轻度幼儿龋齿、体重不足儿童的中度幼儿龋齿、正常体重儿童的中度幼儿龋齿、体重不足儿童的重度幼儿龋齿、正常体重儿童的重度幼儿龋齿、无龋齿（对照）的体重不足儿童和无龋齿的正常体重儿童。每组由15名儿童组成。收集刺激唾液。使用人LPO/乳过氧化物酶ELISA试剂盒（CLIA）-LS-F29892分析唾液乳过氧化物酶，使用人富组蛋白-5 ELISA试剂盒MBS705083_48T分析唾液富组蛋白-5。
无龋齿儿童的乳过氧化物酶和富组蛋白-5浓度显著高于患幼儿龋齿的儿童，轻度幼儿龋齿儿童的浓度高于中度或重度幼儿龋齿儿童。正常体重儿童的浓度显著高于体重不足的儿童（p<0.01）。幼儿龋齿和营养状况与LPO和HST-5均无显著相互作用（p>0.01），但这两个变量与LPO和HST-5共同存在显著相互作用（p<0.01）。Pearson相关系数检验显示，在八个研究组中，幼儿龋齿严重程度与唾液乳过氧化物酶和富组蛋白-5均呈显著负相关，而BMI值与唾液乳过氧化物酶和富组蛋白-5在八个研究组中均呈显著正相关。
唾液乳过氧化物酶和富组蛋白-5可能受营养状况影响，这两个参数在高浓度时可能在预防龋齿中起重要作用。这两个参数与幼儿龋齿严重程度和营养之间存在相互作用。
