Faculty of Science, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia.
Breastfeed Med. 2021 Mar;16(3):222-229. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2020.0110. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
Nipple pain is a common cause of early cessation of breastfeeding. A nipple shield (shield) is often used to improve breastfeeding comfort. There are concerns that shield use may limit milk transfer. The aims of this study were to determine whether shield use reduces milk transfer and maternal nipple pain. A within-subject study of two groups of breastfeeding dyads (infants <6 months) was conducted; Control Group (CG): no breastfeeding difficulties; Pain Group (PG) shield used for nipple pain. There were two monitored sessions where shield use was randomized. Test weights and pain questionnaires were completed, and percentage of available milk removed (PAMR) was calculated. Twenty-five PG (6 ± 4 postnatal weeks) and 34 CG (9 ± 6 postnatal weeks) had similar 24-hour milk production (PG: 676 ± 239 mL, CG: 775 ± 162 mL, = 0.083). PG mean milk transfer volume and PAMR did not differ with shield use (no shield: 46 mL, 59%; shield: 40 mL, 53%, volume = 0.38, PAMR = 0.64). CG mean volume and PAMR were reduced with shield use (no shield: 65 mL, 64%; shield: 31 mL, 33%, volume < 0.001, PAMR < 0.001). PG pain scores were similar with and without shield use (Visual Analog Scale = 0.44, McGill = 0.97). Shield use did not impact either milk production or milk transfer in breastfeeding women experiencing nipple pain.
乳头疼痛是导致早期停止母乳喂养的常见原因。乳头保护罩（护罩）通常用于提高母乳喂养的舒适度。但人们担心使用护罩可能会限制乳汁的转移。本研究旨在确定使用护罩是否会减少乳汁转移和产妇乳头疼痛。采用两组（<6 个月的婴儿）母乳喂养对进行了一项自身对照研究；对照组（CG）：无母乳喂养困难；疼痛组（PG）因乳头疼痛使用护罩。有两次监测会话随机使用护罩。完成了测试重量和疼痛问卷，并计算了可获得的奶量去除百分比（PAMR）。25 名 PG（6±4 产后周）和 34 名 CG（9±6 产后周）的 24 小时产奶量相似（PG：676±239mL，CG：775±162mL，=0.083）。PG 使用护罩的平均奶量转移量和 PAMR 没有差异（无护罩：46mL，59%；护罩：40mL，53%，体积=0.38，PAMR=0.64）。CG 使用护罩后平均奶量和 PAMR 减少（无护罩：65mL，64%；护罩：31mL，33%，体积<0.001，PAMR<0.001）。PG 有无护罩使用时疼痛评分相似（视觉模拟量表=0.44，麦吉尔=0.97）。使用护罩不会影响有乳头疼痛的母乳喂养妇女的产奶量或奶量转移。
