Dinarti Lucia K, Murni Indah K, Anggrahini Dyah W, Dewanto Vera C, Pritazahra Armalya, Hadwiono Muhammad R, Fajarwati Prahesti, Hartopo Anggoro B
Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada - Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada - Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Cardiol Young. 2021 Feb;31(2):264-273. doi: 10.1017/S1047951120003881. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
Screening for congenital heart disease (CHD) in school students is well-established in high-income countries; however, data from low-to-middle-income countries including Indonesia are limited.
This study aimed to evaluate CHD screening methods by cardiac auscultation and 12-lead electrocardiogram to obtain the prevalence of CHD, confirmed by transthoracic echocardiography, among Indonesian school students.
We conducted a screening programme in elementary school students in the Province of Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The CHD screening was integrated into the annual health screening. The trained general practitioners and nurses participated in the screening. The primary screening was by cardiac auscultation and 12-lead electrocardiogram. The secondary screening was by transthoracic echocardiography performed on school students with abnormal findings in the primary screening.
A total of 6116 school students were screened within a 2-year period. As many as 329 (5.38%) school students were detected with abnormalities. Of those, 278 students (84.49%) had an abnormal electrocardiogram, 45 students (13.68%) had heart murmurs, and 6 students (1.82%) had both abnormalities. The primary screening programme was successfully implemented. The secondary screening was accomplished for 260 school students, and 18 students (6.9%) had heart abnormalities with 7 (2.7%) who were confirmed with septal defects and 11 (4.2%) had valve abnormalities. The overall prevalence was 0.29% (18 out of 6116).
The primary screening by cardiac auscultation and 12-lead electrocardiogram was feasible and yielded 5.38% of elementary school students who were suspected with CHD. The secondary screening resulted in 6.9% confirmed cardiac abnormalities. The cardiac abnormality prevalence was 0.29%.
在高收入国家，对在校学生进行先天性心脏病（CHD）筛查已很成熟；然而，包括印度尼西亚在内的低收入和中等收入国家的数据有限。
本研究旨在通过心脏听诊和12导联心电图评估CHD筛查方法，以获取经经胸超声心动图确诊的印度尼西亚在校学生中CHD的患病率。
我们在印度尼西亚日惹特别行政区的小学生中开展了一项筛查计划。CHD筛查被纳入年度健康筛查。经过培训的全科医生和护士参与了筛查。初步筛查通过心脏听诊和12导联心电图进行。二次筛查是对在初步筛查中发现异常的在校学生进行经胸超声心动图检查。
在两年时间内共筛查了6116名在校学生。多达329名（5.38%）在校学生被检测出异常。其中，278名学生（84.49%）心电图异常，45名学生（13.68%）有心脏杂音，6名学生（1.82%）两者均异常。初步筛查计划成功实施。对260名在校学生完成了二次筛查，18名学生（6.9%）有心脏异常，其中7名（2.7%）被确诊为间隔缺损，11名（4.2%）有瓣膜异常。总体患病率为0.29%（6116名学生中有18名）。
通过心脏听诊和12导联心电图进行的初步筛查是可行的，有5.38%的小学生疑似患有CHD。二次筛查确诊心脏异常的比例为6.9%。心脏异常患病率为0.29%。
