Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
Clin Nutr. 2021 May;40(5):3436-3447. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.019. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
The public health relevance of true vitamin D deficiency is undisputed, although controversy remains regarding optimal vitamin D status. Few contemporary cross-ethnic studies have investigated the prevalence and determinants of very low 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations.
We conducted cross-ethnic analyses on the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D ≤ 25 nmol/L) using data from 440,581 UK Biobank participants, of which 415,903 identified as White European, 7880 Asian, 7602 Black African, 1383 Chinese, and 6473 of mixed ancestry. Determinants of vitamin D deficiency were examined by logistic regression.
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was highest among participants of Asian ancestry (57.2% in winter/spring and 50.8% in summer/autumn) followed by those of Black African ancestry (38.5% and 30.8%, respectively), mixed (36.5%, 22.5%), Chinese (33.1%, 20.7%) and White European ancestry (17.5%, 5.9%). Participants with higher socioeconomic deprivation were more likely to have 25(OH)D deficiency compared to less deprived participants (P = <1 × 10); this pattern was more apparent among those of White European ancestry and in summer (P ≤6.4 × 10 for both). In fully-adjusted analyses, regular consumption of oily fish was associated with reduced odds of vitamin D deficiency across all ethnicities, while outdoor-time in summer was less effective for Black Africans (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.70, 1.12) than White Europeans (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.38, 0.42).
Severe vitamin D deficiency remains an issue throughout the UK, particularly in lower socioeconomic areas. In some groups, levels of deficiency are alarmingly high with one-half of Asian and one-third of Black African ancestry populations affected across seasons.
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the UK is alarming, with certain ethnic and socioeconomic groups considered particularly vulnerable.
尽管关于最佳维生素 D 状态仍存在争议，但维生素 D 缺乏症的公共卫生相关性是毋庸置疑的。很少有当代跨种族研究调查过低水平 25-羟维生素 D [25(OH)D]浓度的流行率和决定因素。
我们使用来自 440581 名英国生物银行参与者的数据进行了跨种族分析，其中 415903 人被确定为白种欧洲人，7880 人为亚洲人，7602 人为黑种非洲人，1383 人为中国人，6473 人为混合血统。通过逻辑回归检查了维生素 D 缺乏的决定因素。
在亚洲血统的参与者中，维生素 D 缺乏症的患病率最高（冬季/春季为 57.2%，夏季/秋季为 50.8%），其次是黑种非洲血统（分别为 38.5%和 30.8%）、混合血统（36.5%，22.5%）、中国人（33.1%，20.7%）和白种欧洲血统（17.5%，5.9%）。与社会经济地位较低的参与者相比，社会经济地位较高的参与者更有可能出现 25(OH)D 缺乏症（P＜0.001）；这种模式在白种欧洲人和夏季更为明显（P≤6.4×10）。在完全调整的分析中，经常食用油性鱼类与所有种族的维生素 D 缺乏症的几率降低有关，而夏季户外活动对黑种非洲人的效果不如白种欧洲人（OR 0.89，95%CI 0.70，1.12）（OR 0.40，95%CI 0.38，0.42）。
在整个英国，严重的维生素 D 缺乏症仍然是一个问题，特别是在社会经济水平较低的地区。在某些群体中，缺乏症的程度令人震惊，亚洲和黑种非洲血统的人群中，有一半以上在各个季节都受到影响。
英国的维生素 D 缺乏症患病率令人震惊，某些族裔和社会经济群体被认为特别脆弱。
